April 22, 2022

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN APPLIED COMPUTING BAC3115 MOBILE COMPUTING FULL TIME/PART TIME DATE: DECEMBER, 2018 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One & ANY OTHER TWO questions. QUESTION ONE a) Discuss the Wireless networks in comparison to fixed networks 8Marks b) Explain the effects of multipath propagation of signals 6Marks c) Elaborate some of the motivations of TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) 6Marks d) Discuss the characteristics of wireless LAN 6Marks e) Describe how CSMA/CA works 4Marks QUESTION TWO a) What are the design goals of wireless LAN 8Marks b) Discuss the Euclidean Unit Disk Graph as used in mobile computing 6Marks c) What are the requirements for Mobile IP 6Marks QUESTION THREE a) Discuss the characteristics of Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) 6Marks b) Discuss the Advantages and Disadvantages Indirect TCP 6Marks c) Describe the following terms as used in mobile computing 8Marks i) Mobile Node (MN) ii) Home Agent (HA) iii) Foreign Agent (FA) iv) Care-of Address (COA) QUESTION FOUR a). Using function examples, describe several types of WML Script main libraries 8Marks b). Discuss some of application scenarios of mobile computing 8Marks c). Discuss the properties of Inhibit Sense Multiple Access (ISMA) 4Marks QUESTION FIVE a) Discuss performance characteristics and disadvantages of GSM 8Marks b) Discuss Cocktail party as analogy for multiplexing 6Marks c) Using a diagram describe format and content of a frame 6Marks

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN APPLIED COMPUTING BAC2504 CRIMINAL LAW DATE: DECEMBER, 2018 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One & ANY OTHER TWO questions. QUESTION ONE a) The principle of legality is explained in latin as Nullum Crimen Sine Lege, Nulla Poene Sine Lege” . This simply means a person cannot be termed as a criminal unless a specific law providing for this crime has been provided in writing. Having this in mind i) Discuss the history of the principle (6 Marks) ii) Highlight the main issues provided by the principle (8 Marks) iii) Explain the Kenyan position of the principle (6 Marks) b) Explain the legal sources of criminal law (4 Marks) c) Highlight the three basic rules on interpreting the statutes for purposes of criminal law (6 Marks) QUESTION TWO a) With regard to criminal liability (Actus non facit reum and nisi mens sit rea) i) Explain the general rules with regard to criminal liability (4 Marks) ii) Highlight the various conditions governing the Actus non facit reum (6 Marks) iii) Highlight the general rules of Mens sit rea (6 Marks) b) Recklessness simply means the taking of unjustified risks. Having this in mind discuss the various factors which are relevant in deciding whether a risk is justified or not (4 Marks) QUESTION THREE In criminal law the general consequences for criminal liability is punishment. For every crime the consequences is to punish the offender. In light of the above; i) Explain four theories is support of punishment (8 Marks) ii) Explain the meaning of the term punishmrnt (2 Marks) iii) Highlight the various forms of punishment in Kenya (10 Marks) QUESTION FOUR a) The law recognizes infancy as an excuse or justification for avoiding liability. It splits people of immature age into three( 3 ) groups. Explain the three groups provided under the law ( 8 Marks) b) Explain the incapacitating condition of insanity with regard to the following: i) The general presumption of the defense of insanity ii) The two perspective of insanity ( 12 Marks) QUESTION FIVE a) Mens Rea is the culpable state of mind which is necessary with the Actus Reus for a criminal offense to be committed. Having this in mind: i) Explain the four (4 ) state of mind which separately or together can constitute the necessary mens rea for the commission of an offense (8 Marks) ii) Explain the elements of Actus reus and mens rea in the offense of stealing and rape (6 Marks) b) Highlight the back ground of strict liability offenses. ( 6 Marks)

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN APPLIED COMPUTING BAC2316 CYBER SECURITY FULL TIME/PART TIME DATE: DECEMBER, 2018 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One & ANY OTHER TWO questions. QUESTION ONE a) Discuss how cryptanalysis techniques are facilitated (5 Marks) b) Discuss Secure Electronic Transaction(SET) process (6 Marks) c) Explain the challenges associated with intrusion detection systems (5 Marks) d) Elaborate on any the laws addressing cybercrime (6 Marks) e) Explain in detail how Secure Socket layer work (8 Marks) QUESTION TWO a) Describe the operating principles of malwares that attack cyber (6 Marks) b) Describe how the various types of firewalls work (8 Marks) c) What is war dialing for remote connectivity? Explain the software used for war dialing (8 Marks) QUESTION THREE a) Describe the concepts used in the Anomaly intrusion detection system (6 Marks) b) Explain the various tools and technologies used for hacking (8 Marks) c) Discuss how Advanced Persistent threats affects the web access (6 Marks) QUESTION FOUR a) Describe the different types of VPN indicating their importance (8 Marks) b) List and explain any two password management practices (6 Marks) c) Describe the process of investigating cybercrime (6 Marks) QUESTION FIVE a) Using examples discuss how cloud computing and mobile computing threats have become a challenge to cyber security (8 Marks) b) What is VOIP hacking? Explain the counter measures for it (8 Marks) c) Explain any two tools used to check for cybercrime vulnerabilities (4 Marks)

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF APPLIED COMPUTING BAC3303 MOBILE COMPUTING FULL TIME/PART TIME DATE: APRIL, 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One & ANY OTHER TWO questions. QUESTION ONE a) Mention FOUR challenges of mobile computing [4 Marks] b) Compare the working of FDMA and TDMA schemes [4 Marks] c) How does Frequency reuse help channel allocation of cellular systems? [6 Marks] d) Explain SIX features of Wireless Broadband WiMAX. [6 Marks] e) Briefly discuss the functions of base station and mobile switching center in a cellular architecture. [10 Marks] QUESTION TWO a) What is location management in mobile computing? Mention various phases of location management. [8 Marks] b) Define the following terms i. Session Mobility [1 Mark] ii. Service Mobility [1 Mark] iii. Network mobility [1 Mark] c) List and explain FIVE features of Mobile Transaction Processing [5 Marks] d) What is roaming? How helpful is it in mobile computing [4 Marks] QUESTION THREE a) Outline THREE characteristics of MANET in mobile computing [3 Marks] b) What are the functionalities and application areas of MANET? [6 Marks] c) Briefly discuss SIX design issues of MANET [6 Marks] d) Describe the TWO major classification of MAC protocols [2 Marks] e) Outline THREE characteristics of MAC protocols [3 Marks] QUESTION FOUR a) Explain the three-way handshake in the adaptation of TCP window. Use diagram where necessary [10 Marks] b) The switching system that is present in GSM network is responsible for performing call processing. Outline the elements of the switching system and elaborate on their functions [10 Marks] QUESTION FIVE a) What is sensor networks? [1 Mark] b) State and explain SEVEN MAC Protocol Performance Metrics [7 Marks] c) Describe in detail the following occurrence in mobile computing. Use diagram where necessary. i. Exposed Nodes [4 Marks] ii. Hidden Node/Terminal Problem [4 Marks] iii. Capture [4 Marks]

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF APPLIED COMPUTING BAC3217 FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY FULL TIME/PART TIME DATE: APRIL, 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One & ANY OTHER TWO questions. QUESTION ONE a) Define the term psychology. (2Marks) b) Differentiate between crime and tort. (4Marks) c) Describe the four elements of crime. (8Marks) d) Is criminal act a result of choice rather than circumstances? Explain your answer with a relevant example. (5Marks) e) How can authority influence crime? Explain your answer critically. (4Marks) f) Describe three categories of crime. (6Marks) g) What is the most striking thing that you have learnt in this unit? (1Mark) QUESTION TWO a) Discuss the factors that influence crime. (10Marks) b) Discuss the factors that cause domestic violence in Kenya. Why are women the majority of victims? Justify your answer. (10Marks) QUESTION THREE a) Define psychopathy disorder and state the characteristics of such a person. (6Marks) b) Explain the four Ds that can define abnormal behaviour. (8Marks) d) ” Criminal thoughts cannot be criminalized”. Discuss this statement and give a case to justify your answer. (6Marks) QUESTION FOUR a) Are criminal tendencies inherited? Justify your answer. (6Marks) b) Discuss the following types of disorders. (10Marks) i) Narcissistic personality disorder ii) Borderline personality disorder c) Define the following terms; (4Marks) i) infanticide ii) Dyslexia QUESTION FIVE a) Explain the role of forensic psychology in judicial system. (8Marks) b) Discuss the features of a competent eye witness. (6Marks) c) Why is suicide cases on the increase in our higher learning institutions? (6Marks)

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN APPLIED COMPUTING BAC3216 INFORMATION SYSTEMS SECURITY POLICIES FULL TIME/PARTTIME DATE: APRIL 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One & ANY OTHER TWO questions. QUESTION ONE a) Explain the term policy (2Marks) b) Explain the considerations of information security policy (6 Marks) c) Discuss how you will develop an information security policy (6 Marks) d) Examine various issues relating to privacy that need to be incorporated in information security policy (8 Marks) e) Discuss the main technologies used to enforce an information security policy (8 Marks) QUESTION TWO a) Explain the implications of enforcing acceptable use policies in organisations (6 Marks) b) Explain the main issues considered in laws concerned with intellectual property rights (6 Marks) c) Describe the various tools that can be used to enforce network security and email policies (8 Marks) QUESTION THREE a) Discuss the applicability of internet censorship in protecting organizations against security threats (8 Marks) b) Analyse the considerations of a disaster recovery and business continuity plan for organizations (12 Marks) QUESTION FOUR a) Examine the benefits provided by an audit trail (4Marks) b) Discuss the applicability of Physical Access controls and logical access controls (4 Marks) c) What are the privacy challenges in a distributed system? (4 Marks) d) Explain Cybercrime legislation as an integral part of information security (8 Marks) QUESTION FIVE a) Examine the role of patch management as a security policy management (8 Marks) b) Discuss tools that can be used to automate an information security policy against Cyber Crime (12 Marks)

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF APPLIED COMPUTING BAC3215 CYBER CRIMINOLOGY FULL TIME/PART TIME DATE: APRIL, 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One & ANY OTHER TWO questions. QUESTION ONE a) Data encryption is considered as a good practice when sharing information online. However, some of the Cyber offenders use this technology to hide their bad deeds from the legal laws. Having this in mind; i) Define the term data encryption (2 Marks) ii) Briefly discuss how this technology hinders criminal investigations.(10 Marks) b) Explain how cyber forensics can be used in criminal investigation to find Cyber offenders such as child pornography. (10Marks) c) Explain how viruses, Trojan horses and spams are acts of crime indicating how they violate reliability and availability of computer systems. (8Marks) QUESTION TWO a) Describe computer as a tool for committing crimes. (8Marks) b) Briefly discuss any four types of Cybercrime. (8 Marks) c) Discuss factors encouraging cybercrime (4Marks) QUESTION THREE a) Explain briefly why ethical hacking is necessary. (6 Marks ) b) Outline the technical and non-technical skills of an ethical hacker (6 Marks) c) Even when everyone acknowledges that a computer crime has been committed, computer crime is hard to prosecute. Explain four reasons why it is hard to prosecute computer crimes. (8Marks) QUESTION FOUR a) Explain how the Internet has transformed traditional crimes. (6Marks) b) Briefly explain the reasonable expectation of privacy in computers as storage devices (6 Marks) c) State and explain the various techniques used by hackers when penetrating a network of an organization ( 8 Marks) QUESTION FIVE With reference to the Computer Misuse and Cybercrimes Act; a) Discuss the purposes and objectives of the Act (10 Marks) b) Explain the Establishment, Composition and Functions of the National Computer and Cybercrimes Co-ordination Committee (10 Marks)

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF APPLIED COMPUTING BAC2318 CRIMINAL LAW FULL TIME/PART TIME DATE: APRIL, 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One & ANY OTHER TWO questions. QUESTION ONE a) A person is not guilty of a crime if at the time of the event, they either did not know what they were doing or did not know what they were doing is wrong. Having this in mind; i) Define the term crime (2 Marks) ii) Discuss the enumerable reasons why the accused person should avoid liability (10 Marks) b) Explain the Kenyan position in regard to the nullum crimen sine lege principle (the principle of legality) (10 Marks) c) Explain four(4) states of mind which separately or together can constitute the necessary mens rea for the commission of an offence (8 Marks) QUESTION TWO a) Strict liability offences are a special category of crime that require no culpable mental state. Briefly discuss the arguments for and against strict liability (12 Marks) b) Explain four (4) categories of violations (8 Marks) QUESTION THREE a) In criminal law the main consequences for criminal liability is punishment. With reference to the above: i) Define the term punishment (2 Marks) ii) Critically discuss the main justifications of punishment (12 Marks) b) List six forms of punishment which the court might impose upon the accused person under criminal law. (6 Marks) QUESTION FOUR a) Laws are found in statutory provisions and constitutional enactments, as well as hundreds of years of rulings by courts at all levels. Briefly discuss the various types of law in your country (8 Marks) b) State and explain the four broad categories of defences (8 Marks) c) Explain the purposes of criminal law in your country (4 Marks) QUESTION FIVE a) Briefly discuss the development of criminal law in Kenya ( 10 Marks) b) Discuss the cardinal maxim of criminal liability (10 Marks)

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN APPLIED COMPUTING BAC2317 SOCIOLOGY FULL TIME/PARTTIME DATE: APRIL 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One & ANY OTHER TWO questions. QUESTION ONE (30 MARKS) CASE STUDY I live with my dad. I should say that I live with my dad, my brother (whose mother and father are also my mother and father), my half- sister (whose father is my dad, but whose mother is my father’s last wife), and two stepbrothers and stepsisters (children of my father’s current wife). My father’s wife (my current stepmother, not to be confused with his second wife who, I guess, is no longer my stepmother) is pregnant, and soon we all will have a new brother or sister. Or will it be a half- brother or half-sister? If you can’t figure out, I don’t blame you. I have trouble myself. It gets very complicated around Christmas. Should we all stay together? Split up and go to several other homes? Who do we buy gifts for, anyway? a) What kind of a family is this? (2Marks) b) What are the challenges that such a family can face? (8Marks) c) Describe the functions of a family. (8Marks) d) Discuss the future of marriage and family. (10Marks) e) What is the most striking thing that you have learnt in this unit and has added value to you? (2Marks) QUESTION TWO (20 MARKS) a) Differentiate between quantitative research methods and qualitative research methods. (4Marks) b) Discuss the problems that today’s elderly face and explain what the society/government can do to reduce these problems. (10Marks) c) Identify six major killer diseases in Kenya today. (6Marks) QUESTION THREE (20 MARKS) a) Discuss the urban problems and suggest ways of how they can be reduced. (10Marks) b) Define social movement and explain the issues that are the bases of social movements in our country. Give relevant examples. (10Marks) QUESTION FOUR a) Explain a situation where you experienced role conflict. How did you manage the dilemma? (8Marks) b) Describe the class structure of your country. (12Marks) QUESTION FIVE a) Discuss the factors that may lead to killings among the youth in intimate relationships. (8Marks) b) Describe how diversity of culture have influenced your life at KCA University. (6Marks) c) Discuss the function of dress codes in a society. (6Marks) –

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN APPLIED COMPUTING BAC2316 CYBER SECURITY FULL TIME/PARTTIME DATE: APRIL 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One & ANY OTHER TWO questions. QUESTION ONE: [30 MARKS] a) Using examples, explain the following: (i) Confidentiality [2 Marks] (ii) Integrity [2 Marks] (iii) Availability [2 Marks] (iv) Encryption [2 Marks] (iv) Digital Certificates [2 Marks] b) List any four indicators of successful risk management in an IT organization. [4 Marks] c) Describe the Cyber Security counter measure technologies. [4Marks] d) What is the importance of each one of the following policies in an organization? [3 Marks] (i) Acceptable Use Policy (ii) Disposal and destruction policy e) Define the 3 types of hackers [6Marks] f) Describe Social Engineering. [3Marks] QUESTION TWO [20 MARKS] a) Describe the different types of malware. [5 Marks] b) Describe the different types of Wireless and mobile attacks. (10 Marks) c) Explain how you would guard against wireless and mobile attacks. (5 Marks) QUESTION THREE [20 MARKS] a) Differentiate between the two types of encryption algorithms: i) Symmetric encryption ii) Asymmetric encryption [4 Marks] b) Explain what a VPN is and describe how it works [6 Marks] c) Describe the types of security controls in relation to access control. [5Marks] d) Explain Steganography and Data Obfuscation. [5Marks] QUESTION FOUR [20 MARKS] a) Using examples describe the hashing algorithm [5Marks] b) Describe the different types of email and browser attacks. [10 Marks] c) Explain ways to guarantee physical access control [5Marks] QUESTION FIVE [20 MARKS] a) Explain the Five Nines [3Marks] b) Define the environments that require the Five Nines [5Marks] c) Describe Business Continuity Planning and its best practices. [10Marks] d) What is asset management? [2Marks]

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN APPLIED COMPUTING BAC2207 PROFESSIONAL WRITING FULLTIME/PART TIME ORDINARY EXAMINATIONS DATE: APRIL, 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One & ANY OTHER TWO questions. QUESTION ONE [30 MARKS] a) Arrange the following information correctly using the APA style of documentation (6Marks) i) An article written by Charles Otieno. It appeared in the Sunday Nation. The month of May 23 rd . The title of the article is Enforce Smoking Ban. It is on page 12. The year it appeared in the newspaper is 2006. ii) A book edited by Jane Kiiru, Wayne Musungu and John Wafula. The book is entitled Worders of God and it was published by Mwalimu publishers in Nairobi in the year 2005. b) Replace the following clunky words with more precise words. (6 Marks) i. Remainder ii. Facilitate iii. Implement c) From the following select the correct sentence. (6 Marks) i. a) Fewer ladies are in this class than men. b) Less ladies are in this class than men. ii. a) To whom did you betray my secret? b) To who did you betray my secret? ii. a) It’s my head on the line. b) Its my head on the line. c) Highlight the difference between the following: (6 Marks) i. Strata v. stratum ii. Averse v. adverse iii. Historic v. historical d) Cite any FOUR reasons why a writer should provide a reference whenever he/she paraphrases or quotes another source (4 Marks) QUESTION TWO [20 MARKS] a) Describe the following terms as they apply to referencing: (3 Marks) i) Citing ii) Bibliography iii) Reference b) Describe any FIVE common errors of word usage and give examples. (5 Marks) c) Your proposal describes your proposed plan of work. Describe any FOUR aspects to be addressed in this document (8 Marks) d) Outline and FOUR issues that should be brought out in the methodology section a scientific article (4 Marks) QUESTION THREE [20 MARKS] a) Rewrite the following sentences to be correct (4 Marks) i) He owed over Kes.100,000 to the doctor. ii) The hero begins to behave strangely and in odd ways following his tryst with the witch he meets secretly at midnight. iii) The dessert was comprised of cream and chocolate. iv) Many of the clinic patients die from complications of diabetes b) Identify a set of guidelines for someone wishing to write a news article: (6 Marks) c) Describe how visual aids assist in professional writing and list FOUR types of visual aids (6 Marks) d) Outline FOUR things that should be avoided in the discussion section of a scientific article. (4 Marks) QUESTION FOUR [20 MARKS] a) Write short notes on the following: (6 Marks) i. Abstract ii. Introduction iii. Literature Review b) Rewrite the following sentences using transitions: (4 Marks) The law does not stop teenagers from drinking therefore it is ineffective. Many organizations use English for example the UN the EU and NATO. c) Briefly explain five principles of good writing. (10 Marks) QUESTION FIVE [20 MARKS] a) Discuss the four stages involved in writing an academic piece of work. (16Marks) b) Highlight any four fallacies in academic writing (4Marks)

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN APPLIED COMPUTING BAC1107 DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY AND VIDEO EDITING FULL TIME/PART TIME DATE: APRIL, 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One & ANY OTHER TWO questions. QUESTION ONE –COMPULSORY (30 MARKS) a) i) Define PHOTO editing ( 2 Marks) ii) What are the challenges of linear video editing? (4 Marks) b) What are the two main advantages of the video effects in video production? (4 Marks) c) An audio file occupies 11680KB. If its recorded at (96khz, 16 bit and stereo). What is the duration in minutes (4 Marks) d) Explain what is meant by i) The frequency (2 Marks) ii) The amplitude (2 Marks) e) What do the following acronyms mean. i) NTSC ii) DVB iii) ISDB iii) USB (4 Marks) f) Distinguish between titles and credits (4 Marks) g) State the Nyquist sampling theorem (2 Marks) h) Distinguish between protocols and standards? (2 Marks) QUESTION TWO a) A video file of a size 6000 GB , colour depth of 24 bits, duration of 3 hours, and frame rate of 30fps, takes 3 hours to download using a bandwidth of 100MBps. Calculate i) the pixel count of the camera in megapixels (8 Marks) ii) the resolution, if the aspect ratio is 16:9 (2 Marks) iii) the bandwidth requirements, if 500 users are to download the same video for 2hrs concurrently (2 Marks) iv) cost of the bandwidth in a) if the cost of 128KBps is Kshs 5,000 (4 Marks) b) Recommend a suitable method to enable your target audience to view the video (4 Marks) QUESTION THREE a) Define a pixel (1 Mark) b) Camera has a resolution of 9560×6890. If the size of the graphical images created is 125MB. Calculate i) Pixel count (2 Marks) ii) Colour depth (2 Marks) iii) Number of colours that can be displayed (2 Marks) iv) Aspect ratio (2 Marks) c) If the storage space is 32GB for the camera in b) and that it can take 250 pictures, what is the compression ratio for the algorithm used (2 Marks) d) State Four advantages of using MP3 format over MIDI format in audio editing (4 Marks) e) State FIVE features found in digital cameras that challenge the film cameras (5 Marks) QUESTION FOUR a) State the challenges that are experienced in undersea photography (6 Marks) b) Using run length coding, encode the following binary data 1000000000000010000000001000000000110000000001 (6 Marks) C) Using Huffman encoding algorithm for a data file that has the following characters Character A B C D E Frequency 20 16 12 14 20 i) Draw the Huffman tree and code (6 Marks) ii) encode ABEDCA (2 Marks) QUESTION FIVE a) State FIVE considerations in producing a professional advert? (5 Marks) b) State four factors that are essential in video capturing (5 Marks) c) What is the size of uncompressed stereo sound with CD quality for 25 minute of audio : (4 Marks) d) Using LZ coding encode the following text ABBCCBBBBAMAMBAABBMA (6 Marks)