May 13, 2022

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BIT 1102A INTERNET TECHNOLOGY KCA Past Paper

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2013/2014 ORDINARY EXAMINATION FOR THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY BIT 1102A INTERNET TECHNOLOGY [DISTANCE LEARNING] DATE: APRIL, 2014 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question ONE and any other TWO QUESTION ONE: [30 MARKS] a) Describe the components of each of the following Uniform Resources Locator URL) b) Http://www.yahoo.com/greetings/birthday.html [4 Marks] c) Differentiate between ordered list and unordered list [2 Marks] d) Clearly differentiate between FTP and TELNET. [4 Marks] e) Give a description of the following [3 Marks] i. Internet ii. Web browser iii. HTML f) Explain the usage of the following HTML tags [5 Marks] i. <EM></EM> ii. <SUB></SUB> iii. <HR> iv. <OL></OL> v. <LI> g) Create an HTML that will generate the following output on a webpage [10 Marks] QUESTION TWO 🙁 20 Marks) a) Explain the following internet protocols i. ARP ii. IP iii. OSPF iv. RIP v. IMAP4 [10 Marks] b) Write HTML code to create the following list [10 Marks] QUESTION THREE :(20 Marks) a) The Internet has the potential to provide many benefits to companies in terms of communication. Describe FOUR processes that a business may carry out using the Internet explaining the application involved and the benefit to the company. Outline anydrawbacks involved in each process. [12 Marks] b) Write a Html that would used to display the following information on a web site. [8 Marks] QUESTION FOUR: (20 Marks) a) Describe at least three core components in a web-hosting environment. [6 Marks] b) Explain briefly four factors you would consider when designing a webpage. [5 Marks] c) Explain how interaction occurs between a user (using a web browser) and an online Database hosted in a web server. [5 Marks] d) You have an HTML document in your floppy called Masai_Mara .html and graphic file called Masai_Mara.gif. Write a new html code that embeds Masai_Mara.gif graphic as an anchor to Link Masai_Mara .html [4 Marks] QUESTION FIVE 🙁 20 MARKS) a) Client/ server computing bring many benefits to company networks that employ this architecture. Discuss potential benefits in relation to any SIX of the following categories: i. Adaptability ii. Operating costs iii. Platform independence iv. Return on computing investment v. Performance vi. Data access and processing vii. Decentralised operations viii. Reliability [12 Marks] b) Write a HTML code to generate the following frame [8 Marks]

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BBIT 107 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS KCA Past Paper

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2013/2014 ORDINARY EXAMINATION FOR THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY BBIT 107 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (DISTANCE LEARNING) DATE: APRIL, 2014 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question ONE and any other TWO QUESTION ONE: [30 Marks] a) Define the following terms as used in database design and development. i). Database [1 Mark] ii). Data management [1 Mark] iii). Knowledge [1 Mark] iv). Information [1 Mark] b) Describe any THREE ways of classifying databases. [6 Marks] c) Describe SIX functions of a database administrator. [6 Marks] d) Discuss THREE applications of distributed databases. [3 Marks] e) Discuss any TWO security threats of a database system. [4 Marks] f) Discuss the components of database environment. [5 Marks] g) Describe the term data definition language (DDL). [2Marks] QUESTION TWO: [20 MARKS] a) Discuss THREE advantages and THREE disadvantages of object oriented database models. [6 Marks] b) Using your knowledge on object oriented database models and the case below answer the questions that follow. In a truck management system, each truck is assigned a driver .Each truck is used to carry cargo to different destinations. The cargo consists of assortment of items. A driver can only drive one truck at a time. i). Identify the objects in this case. [3 Marks] ii). Identify three attributes for each object [3 Marks] iii). For each object identify at least three operations [3 Marks] iv). Draw an object diagram [5 Marks] QUESTION THREE: [20 MARKS] a) Describe FOUR functions of a database management system (DBMS). [4 Marks] b) Describe the THREE levels of database architecture. [6 Marks] c) Discuss THREE components of a database management system (DBMS). [6 Marks] d) Explain FOUR factors considered when selecting database management system (DBMS). [4 Marks] QUESTION FOUR: [20 MARKS] a) Discuss THREE functions of a database view. [3 Marks] b) Given the following relations use appropriate SQL statements to: i). Display mean age of all the employees [2 Marks] ii). Display the employee(s) whose first name begins with F and age is not 29. [4 Marks] iii). Display employee details if they do not work in human resource department. [3 Marks] iv). Create a view named employee departments to display full name and department name [4 Marks] v). Insert a new record in the employee table. [4 Marks] QUESTION FIVE: [20 Marks] a) Define the term normalization with respect to logical design. [2 Marks] b) Describe three anomalies that are associated with bad database design. [6 Marks] c) Use the form below to normalize it to third normal form. [6 Marks] d) Describe the following functional dependencies. i). Transitive dependency [3 Marks] ii). Partial dependency [3 Marks]

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BBIT 102 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION  ARCHITECTURE KCA Past Paper

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2013/2014 ORDINARY EXAMINATION FOR THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY BBIT 102 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION & ARCHITECTURE DATE: APRIL, 2014 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question ONE and any other TWO QUESTION ONE (a) Explain the meaning of the following terns as used in the computer systems: i. EEPROM ii. Vacuum tubes iii. IBG iv. Utility software v. UNIVAC vi. PCI vii. Indexed-sequential file viii. Network topology (2 Marks each) (b) Differentiate between SRAM and DRAM and with reasons state which one is suitable for making cache memory (4 Marks) (c) List any two pointing devices, which can be used to input data into computers and state the appropriate areas of application. (4 Marks) (d) Convert the binary number, 110010101 to: i. Octal (2 Marks) ii. Decimal (2 Marks) iii. Hexadecimal (2 Marks) QUESTION TWO (a) The main role of the CPU is to execute instructions. Explain the steps involved during the execution of an instruction. (8 Marks) (b) Explain the following terms and state how they affect system performance. i. Bus width ii. Word size (2 Marks each) (c) Briefly explain the boot-up process and state how you can troubleshoot if the process was not successful. (8 Marks) QUESTION THREE By explaining each of the following terms distinguishe between: (a) Smart card and a card with a magnetic stripe. (4 Marks) (b) MICR and OMR. (4 Marks) (c) Laser printers and Dot-matrix printers. (4 Marks) (d) Multiprogramming and Parallel Processing. (4 Marks) (e) Real time processing and On-line processing. (4 Marks) QUESTION FOUR (a) A LAN (Local Area Network) is often installed by a business to achieve either or both of the following objectives: i. Sharing of peripherals ii. Sharing of data By reference to a typical business explain each of the objectives. (8 Marks) (b) Outline THREE possible problems of sharing data within a network. (6 Marks) (c) Consider the following situation: A remote BACKUP Magnetic tape is capable of storing data. It has 12000 dpi and of maximum length. Required: What is the capacity of this magnetic tape? (6 Marks) QUESTION FIVE (a) Briefly explain what the following DOS commands do: i. DIR C:\K??D?E.* (2 Marks) ii. COPY A:\*.EXE B: (2 Marks) (b) Describe how you Create a batch files of your choice. (4 Marks) (c) Name 3 parts of a computer system that are capable of being upgraded and briefly explain steps of upgrading them. (6 Marks) (d) i. What is a Web Browser? Name any 2 Web Browsers (2 Marks) ii. What is a file password? (2 Marks) iii. Define the terms Hardware and Software. (2 Marks)

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BIT 1108 BUSINESS COMMUNICATION SKILLS KCA Past Paper

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2012/2013 EXAMINATION FOR THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY BIT 1108 BUSINESS COMMUNICATION SKILLS DATE: AUGUST, 2013 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question ONE and Any Other TWO Questions QUESTION ONE a) Write an essay on how to be a super secretary of a committee meeting. (10 Marks) b) Identify and explain five types of graphic communication that could be useful in specific organizational communication contexts. (5 Marks) c) Explain the importance of referencing for university students. (5 Marks) c) Identify an explain how any five types of non-verbal communication that can have a positive effect on an interviewer/interviewee in a job selection interview. (4 Mark) d) Illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of the grapevine for management. (6 Marks) (Total marks =30) QUESTION TWO a) An effective reader ought to be aware of four useful reading techniques .Explain and illustrate with examples what these techniques are. (8 Marks) b) Explain the advantages of using electronic mail in day to day communication in the workplace? (6 Marks) c) When presenting on your research project , you will need to gauge whether your listeners are attentive. What are the indications that your audience is listening actively? (6 Marks) QUESTION THREE a) Outline ten essential steps in the planning and preparing of an oral presentation? (10 Marks) b) Outline five forms of up-ward communication in the workplace and explain each one’s purpose. (10 Marks) QUESTION FOUR a) As a supervisor, write a short report on the effectiveness of downward communication in your department in organization XYZ. (15 marks) b) Why is audience analysis very important before an oral presentation. (5 Marks) QUESTION FIVE a) A PR officer has been asked to prepare a speech on PR planning and strategizing for his/her organization. Which five groups would he/she have represented in the audience and why? (5 Marks) b) As a customer write a letter of complaint about a piece of electronic equipment you bought from a shop. Use the bad news format and full block layout. (10 Marks) c) Identify the following meeting terminologies: (5 Marks) i) Proxy ii) Casting vote iii) Quorum iv) Adjourn v) Ultra vires

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BIT 1107 1102 INTERNET TECHNOLOGY

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2012/2013 EXAMINATION FOR THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY BIT 1107 1102 INTERNET TECHNOLOGY DATE: AUGUST, 2013 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question ONE and Any Other TWO Questions QUESTION ONE (COMPULSORY 30 MARKS) a) i) Describe the relationship between the WWW and the Internet? [6 Marks] ii) Explain four Features of the web [8 Marks] c) Clearly differentiate between FTP and TELNET. (6Marks) d) Give a description of the following i). URL ii). Browser iii). Meta-Search Engines iv). Packet switching v). HTML (10 Marks) QUESTION TWO (20 MARKS) a) i)The Internet has the potential to provide many benefits to companies in terms of communication. Describe FOUR processes that a business may carry out using the Internet explaining the application involved and the benefit to the company. Outline any drawbacks involved in each process. (12 marks) ii) Some companies have set up an intranet to help support their information services. The service may be backed by a database system that dynamically generates web pages. Explain how this differs from the more traditional method of client/ server databasing. ( 8 marks) QUESTION THREE (20 MARKS) a) Define email client program and explain how it can be used today [8 Marks] b) (i) Explain the term “domain name service” (DNS). [3[Marks] (ii) Describe the role played by the DNS in making the internet easy to use. [6 Marks] c) Why is the number of internet top level domains deliberately kept low. [3 Marks] QUESTION FOUR (20 MARKS) (a) Describe the three parts of a computer host name. [9 Marks] b) Techniques and tools for searching the internet are imperative if one is to find useful information on the internet. Describe three types of searches that are common today. [9 Marks] c) Define a blog. [2 Marks] QUESTION FIVE (20 MARKS) a) The internet’s structure is roughly hierarchical. Explain using illustrations. [9Marks] b) Describe using illustrations one reason that can cause packet loss or delay on the internet. [5 Marks] c) Describe the following malware. [6 Marks] i) Spyware: ii) Worm: iii) Virus

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BIT 1106 OPERATING SYSTEM KCA Past Paper

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2012/2013 EXAMINATION FOR THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY BIT 1106 OPERATING SYSTEM DATE: AUGUST, 2013 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question ONE and any other TWO QUESTION ONE a) Explain the following terms: i) Clock Interrupt [2Marks] ii) Trap [2 Marks] iii) Device driver [2 Marks] iv) Critical race condition [3 Marks] b) Describe the function of the kernel in process management. [5 Marks] c) Briefly explain five factors to consider when selecting a file design method [5 Marks] d) Identify five principles of I/O software [5 Marks] e) Discuss six functions of virtual memory. [6 Marks] QUESTION TWO a) Briefly describe each of the following terms as used in paging. i) Page fault [2 Marks] ii) Virtual address space [2 Marks] iii) Physical address space [2 Marks] b) With the aid of a diagram, explain the concept of segmentation as used in memory management scheme. [3 Marks] c) Describe the objectives of I/O management. [5 Marks] d) Discuss the following scheduling algorithms i) Multi-level queue [2 Marks] ii) Event driven [2 Marks] iii) FCFS [2 Marks] QUESTION THREE a) Explain the following terms with respect to scheduling and performance maximization: (i) Throughput [2 Marks] (ii) Turnaround time [2 Marks] (iii) Response time [2 Marks] b) With the aid of a diagram discuss the five process state in operating systems. [5 Marks] c) Give the benefits of Direct Memory Access (DMA) in I/O device management. [4 Marks] d) Briefly explain five factors that may lead to a process switch. [5 Marks] QUESTION FOUR a) Explain the following with reference to file management; i) file security [2 Marks] ii) file integrity [2 Marks] iii) File map [2 Marks] b) Give the benefits of using directories in the file system [6 Marks] c) Discuss in detail four file organization methods. [8 Marks] QUESTION FIVE a) Security goals of any computer system are decided by its security policies. Briefly explain three computer security goals that can be set in an operating system. [6 Marks] b) State four types of security threats to consider when designing and implementing any operating system. [4 Marks] c) Discuss the objectives of I/O management. [8 Marks] d) Describe device controller. [2 Mark]

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ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT NOTES

Economic Growth Economic growth is an increase in activity in an economy. It refers only to the quantity of goods and services produced; it says nothing about the way in which they are produced. Economic development Economic development refers to social and technological progress. It implies a change in the way goods and services are produced, not merely an increase in production achieved using the old methods of production on a wider scale. Economic development typically involves improvements in a variety of indicators such as literacy rates, life expectancy, and poverty rates. Measures of Economic Wellbeing/Health Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Economic health is often measured as the rate of change of gross domestic product (GDP). GDP can be defined in three ways, all of which are conceptually identical. First, it is equal to the total expenditures for all final goods and services produced within the country in a stipulated period of time (usually a 365-day year). Second, it is equal to the sum of the value added at every stage of production (the intermediate stages) by all the industries within a country, plus taxes less subsidies on products, in the period. Third, it is equal to the sum of the income generated by production in the country in the period i.e., compensation of employees, taxes on production and imports less subsidies, and gross operating surplus (or profits). The most common approach to measuring and quantifying GDP is the expenditure method: GDP = private consumption + gross investment + government spending + (exports − imports) Gross national product (GNP) is sometimes used as an alternative measure to gross domestic product. GNP adds net foreign investment income, unlike GDP. GNP = GDP + net foreign investment income Put simply, GDP is concerned with the region in which income is generated. It is the market value of all the output produced in a nation in one year. GDP focuses on where the output is produced rather than who produced it. GDP measures all domestic production, disregarding the producing entities’ nationalities. In contrast, GNP is a measure of the value of the output produced by the “nationals” of a region. GNP focuses on who owns the production. For example, in the Kenya, GNP measures the value of output produced by Kenyan firms, regardless of where the firms are located. Limitations of GDP as a Measure of Economic Health Wealth distribution – GDP does not take disparity in incomes between the rich and poor into account. However, numerous Nobel-prize winning economists have disputed the importance of income inequality as a factor in improving long-term economic growth. In fact, short term increases in income inequality may even lead to long term decreases in income inequality. Non-market transactions – GDP excludes activities that are not provided through the market, such as household production and volunteer or unpaid services. As a result, GDP is understated. Unpaid work conducted on Free and Open Source Software (such as Linux) contributes nothing to GDP, but it was estimated that it would have cost more than a billion US dollars for a commercial company to develop. Underground economy – Official GDP estimates may not take into account the underground economy, in which transactions contributing to production, such as illegal trade and tax-avoiding activities, are unreported, causing GDP to be underestimated. Non-monetary economy – GDP omits economies where no money comes into play at all, resulting in inaccurate or abnormally low GDP figures. For example, in countries with major business transactions occurring informally, portions of local economy are not easily registered. GDP also ignores subsistence production. Quality of goods – People may buy cheap, low-durability goods over and over again, or they may buy high-durability goods less often. It is possible that the monetary value of the items sold in the first case is higher than that in the second case, in which case a higher GDP is simply the result of greater inefficiency and waste. Quality improvements and inclusion of new products – By not adjusting for quality improvements and new products, GDP understates true economic growth. For instance, although computers today are less expensive and more powerful than computers from the past, GDP treats them as the same products by only accounting for the monetary value. The introduction of new products is also difficult to measure accurately and is not reflected in GDP despite the fact that it may increase the standard of living. For example, even the richest person from 1900 could not purchase standard products, such as antibiotics and cell phones that an average consumer can buy today, since such modern conveniences did not exist back then. What is being produced – GDP counts work that produces no net change or that results from repairing harm. For example, rebuilding after a natural disaster or war may produce a considerable amount of economic activity and thus boost GDP. The economic value of health care is another classic example—it may raise GDP if many people are sick and they are receiving expensive treatment, but it is not a desirable situation. Externalities – GDP ignores externalities such as damage to the environment. By counting goods which increase utility but not deducting or accounting for the negative effects of higher production, such as more pollution, GDP is overstating economic welfare. Sustainability of growth – GDP does not measure the sustainability of growth. A country may achieve a temporarily high GDP by over-exploiting natural resources or by misallocating investment. For example, the large deposits of phosphates gave the people of Nauru one of the highest per capita incomes on earth, but since 1989 their standard of living has declined sharply as the supply has run out. Oil-rich states can sustain high GDPs without industrializing, but this high level would no longer be sustainable if the oil runs out. Economies experiencing an economic bubble, such as a housing bubble or stock bubble, or a low private-saving rate tend to appear to grow faster owing to higher consumption, mortgaging their futures for present growth. Economic

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BIT 111 KCAU 001 HIV AIDS KCA Past Paper

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2012/2013 EXAMINATION FOR THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY/ BACHELOR OF COMMERCE BIT 111 KCAU 001 HIV AIDS – (SATURDAY) DATE: AUGUST, 2013 TIME: 1 HOUR INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question ONE and Any Other TWO Questions QUESTION ONE (a) A blood test can determine whether a person is infected with HIV.If a person tests positive for HIV; it does not necessarily mean that the person has AIDS. Discuss FIVE African Myths that exist in the face of Hiv/Aids 5 Marks (b) The spread of HIV/AIDS has resulted in the loss of profitability among African companies. The loss is attributable to increased expenditures on benefits such as health care, sick leave and death benefits as well as to the additional cost of retraining new employees. Discuss FIVE other effects of HIV/AIDS to Business. (10 Marks) QUESTION TWO (a) The Debate on how to avoid HIV/AIDs is not only as simple as ABC, but also an ABC in itself. Discuss other factors other than the ABCs of HIV/AIDS that can be applied in the effort to avoid getting infected with the Virus. (10 Marks) QUESTION THREE It has been argued that a collaborative effort between the academic community and academicians in general is very fundamental in the fight against HIV/AIDS in Kenya. Discuss. (10 Marks) QUESTION FOUR Data from Africa shows that men play a significant role in HIV/AIDS determining factors. Discuss different ways from the African cultural perspectives that reinforces men as vehicles fueling the spread of HIV/AIDS. (10 Marks) QUESTION FIVE Discuss the challenges that an individual may face in trying to have a personal impact on the fight against HIV/AIDS. (10 Marks)

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BCU 102 FOUNDATIONS OF MATHEMATICS KCA Past Paper

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2012/2013 EXAMINATION FOR THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN BUSINESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY BCU 102 FOUNDATIONS OF MATHEMATICS (DAY) DATE: AUGUST, 2013 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question ONE and any other TWO QUESTION ONE QUESTION TWO a) A researcher collecting data on 100 households finds that 21 have a DVD player; 56 have a videocassette recorder (VCR); and 12 have both. i. find how many households do not have a VCR ii. how many have neither a VCR nor a DVD player iii. how many have a DVD player but not a VCR QUESTION THREE a) A survey of freshmen business students at KCA University produced the following results: 25 of the students read Business Week; 19 read the Wall street Journal; 27 do not read Fortune; 11 read Business week but not the Wall Street Journal; 11 read the Wall Street Journal and Fortune; 13 read Business Week and Fortune; 9 read all three. i. How many students read none of the publications? ii. How many read only Fortune? iii. How many students read Business week and the Wall Street Journal but not Fortune? (16 Marks) b) Name the type of the following functions QUESTION FOUR QUESTION FIVE a) Which of the following relations are functions? Give reason for your answer b) A group of students meet to plan a school function. All are majoring in accounting or economics or both. Five of the students are economics majors and 7 are majors in accounting. How many major in both subjects?

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BBIT 100 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS KCA Past Paper

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2012/2013 EXAMINATION FOR THE BACHELOR OF BUSINESS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY BBIT 100 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS DATE: AUGUST, 2013 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question ONE and any other TWO QUESTION ONE Meso associates have already decided that it will implement a software package for its Claims Handling and Policy Administration system. They have described the process of software procurement in ‘common-sense’ terms as follows. (1) Decide what we want. We must be clear what we want the system to do. (2) Find out who supplies what we want. (3) Ask these potential suppliers to bid for the contract. (4) Select the most appropriate solution. (5) Purchase and implement the most appropriate solution. a) Based on this ‘common-sense’ framework describe a rigorous five-stage process for software package selection, describing the key activities within each stage. (15 Marks) b) i. Briefly describe ONE risk of adopting the software package approach to systems development; (2 Marks) ii. Briefly describe TWO ways of reducing the impact or effect of this risk. (3 Marks) c) Briefly explain FIVE main uses of information in an organization (10 Marks) QUESTION TWO a) Carry out the following arithmetic calculations b) Convert each decimal fraction to its octal form i. 0.4375 (2 Marks) ii. 0.2 (2 Marks) QUESTION THREE a) Identify two examples of each of the following computer software i. General purpose application software (2 Marks) ii. Application specific programs (2 Marks) iii. System management programs (2 Marks) iv. System development programs (2 Marks) b) Define the term computer system (2 Marks) c) Examine five functions which are performed by computer hardware devices (10 Marks) QUESTION FOUR a) Define the terms i. RISC AND CISC (4 Marks) ii. Parallel and array design (4 Marks) iii. Web browsers (4 Marks) iv. Interpreter and compiler (4 Marks) b) The memory in a computer is formed by large numbers of basic units called memory cells. Each memory cell is capable of storing a binary digit in form of a bit. A group of 8 bits is called a byte. Fill in the missing information given that: (4 Marks) QUESTION FIVE a) Analyze six reasons which make ICT the foundation of the Economy (6 Marks) b) Discuss FIVE functions of DBMS (10 Marks) c) Discuss four functions of an operating system (4 Marks)

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KCAU 001 HIV AIDS (FULL TIME) KCA Past Paper

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2012/2013 EXAMINATION FOR THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY/BACHELOR OF COMMERCE KCAU 001 HIV AIDS (FULL TIME) DATE: AUGUST, 2013 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question ONE and Any Other TWO Questions Question One (a)AIDS is the disease that is caused by HIV that is characterized by the weakening of the immune system. This leaves the body ill equipped to fight diseases. A person with HIV may however live for many years before developing AIDS. Africans have continued living with fear in the face of HIV. Discuss FIVE African misconceptions in relation to HIV/AIDS.5 marks (b)HIV/AIDS complicates efforts to fight poverty, improve health and promote development. Explain briefly the impact of HIV/AIDS in the business sector. 10 marks Question Two Persuading people at risk of HIV to use condoms is one of the primary strategies of HIV/AIDS prevention throughout the world. Discuss FIVE other ways that can be used in the HIV/AIDS prevention approach. 10marks Question Three Discuss leadership roles in the fight against HIV/AIDS in Kenya.10marks Question Four The preference of HIV/AIDS throughout Africa is consistently higher among women in comparison with the general population. Many young girls become sexually involved with numerous friends or clients in exchange for financial support .Discuss the vulnerability of women in the face of HIV/AIDS 10 marks Question Five It is good for everybody to eat regularly and have a diet mixed well to make it balanced. This is even more important for people living with HIV/AIDS .Discuss five ways in which you can offer nutritional support to a person living with HIV/AIDS.10marks

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BUS 103 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT KCA Past Paper

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2012/2013 THIRD YEAR EXAMINATION FOR THE BACHELOR SCIENCE IN BUSINESSINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY BUS 103 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT (DAY & EVENING) DATE: AUGUST, 2013 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question ONE and any other TWO QUESTION ONE a) Describe and illustrate any four factors that influence management. (8 Marks) b) Explain the three broad management roles that managers play. List any examples of each role. (8 Marks) c) Differentiate three areas between democratic leadership and autocratic leadership styles. Illustrate your answer. (8 Marks) d) Describe any three ways through which managers can enhance motivation among the employees. (6 Marks) QUESTION TWO a) Define the term corporate social responsibility (CSR) (4 Marks) b) Briefly discuss any three ways in Kenya where organizations have implemented CSR. (6 Marks) c) Define the term internal environmental analysis and discuss any four benefits of internal environmental analysis. Use relevant illustrations to support your arguments. (10 Marks) QUESTION THREE a) Discuss how management can make use of Porter’s three generic strategies and use illustrations to support your discuss. (12 Marks) b) Describe all the stages in a product’s life cycle. (8 Marks) QUESTION FOUR a) “Planning is universal”. Discuss this statement highlighting the role planning plays among the other three functions of management. (14 Marks) b) Define any three ethical issues that a manager is likely to encounter in the course of their duty. (6 Marks) QUESTION FIVE a) Discuss any four external factors of concern to organizations in the course of seeking competitive advantage. Illustrate your answer. (10 Marks) b) Explain any five characteristics of strategic decisions. (10 Marks)

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