September 5, 2022

Questions and Answers Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education 2020 Christian religious Education (CRE) Paper 2 1. (a) Outline Isaiah’s prophecy on the suffering servant. (8 marks)   The servant will succeed in his work and will be highly honored. The success and honour will surprise many who have witnessed the suffering. The servant is despised, rejected and ignored by those who are with him. He has nothing attractive. He is very ordinary and simple. He is harshly treated, arrested, sentenced to death and killed. His body is buried with the bodies of rich men. He endures all that is done to him in humble silence. He accepts the suffering which should have been received by others for their sins. Through his suffering, human beings are reconciled to God. It was the will of God that the servant should suffer. His death is a sacrifice to bring forgiveness of sin.(b) With reference to the infancy narratives in Luke 1 and 2, explain ways in which the birth of Jesus was an extraordinary event. (6 marks)  The conception of Jesus was through the power of the Holy Spirit. Jesus was born of a virgin. His birth was announced by angel Gabriel. His name was given before his birth/ His name was given by an Angel. He was to be called the son of the most High God. He would be holy. He would have an everlasting kingdom. When he was born, an Angel appeared to the shepherds to announce his birth/a multitude of Angels sang songs of praise.(c) Give six lessons Christians learn from the parents of John the Baptist. (6 marks)  Christians should obey God’s commandments. 16 Faith in God They should be patient./persevere Christians should be prayerful. Christians should lead holy lives/be upright righteous Christians should desire to be led by the Holy Spirit. Christians should have faith in God/believe in God’s word. Christians should serve God irrespective of their circumstances. Christians learn that doubting God’s word can lead to punishment. The should praise/worship the Lord/be Thankful/ Grateful.2. (a)Give five reasons why Jesus was rejected in Nazareth.(5 marks)  Jesus claimed to be the messiah fulfilling Isaiah’s prophecy. Jesus did not perform miracles in Nazareth as he had performed in Capernaum. He annoyed the listeners by telling them that their forefathers had rejected/persecuted the prophets of God. 4 good news he He told the people that since they had rejected the good news it would be given to the Gentiles. The Jews in Nazareth were annoyed when Jesus compared them un favourably with the Gentiles. He told them that no prophet is accepted in his own home town/he was aware they would reject him They Knew him as the son of Joseph/Carpenter. (b) Describe the incident in which Jesus healed the Centurion’s servant. (Luke 7:1-10) (7 marks) Jesus entered the town of Capernaum. A centurion who had a very sick servant heard that Issue was in town He sent Jewish elders to Jesus asking him to come to his house and heal his sick servant/slave. The elders went to Jesus and persuaded him to go and heal the servant since the centurion had built them a synagogues loved their Jesus accepted to go with them. )  Before he reached the house, the centurion sent his friends to tell Jesus not to go to his house because he was not worthy to have him in his house. He requested Jesus to say a word for it would heal his servant just us the centurion coommands his officer’s/servants and they obey him. Jesus marveled at what the centurion had said. Jesus told the multitude that he had not found such faith in Israel. When those who had been sent returned to the house, they found the servant/slave healed.(c) Identify eight ways through which the Church is continuing with the healing ministry of Jesus. (8 marks)Christians pray for/ preach to the sick Laying hands on the sick/ anointing them/ any other miraculous healing Providing guidance and counseling services Constructing hospitals/ health centers/ rehabilitation centers Providing preventive/ curative drugs/ treating the sick Paying medical expenses for the sick Producing/ disseminating literature/ electronic media on health issues Preaching against evil/ causes of ailments that interfere with good health Providing food/ clothing/ shelter/ finances to the sick/ needy Visiting the sick Training medical personnel Educating through seminars/ workshops Donating blood/organs to save life3. (a) Describe the triumphant entry of Jesus into Jerusalem. (Luke 19: 28-40) (6 marks)  Jesus was passing through Bethphage./Bethany and the mount of Olives. He sent two of his disciples to get him a colt which had not been sat on. He told them that if the owner of the colt asked them why they were untying it they were to say that the lord needed it. The disciples brought the colt.’ they threw their garments on it set Jesus upon it. As Jesus rode on people spread their garments on the red. The multitude begun to rejoice/praise God for the mighty works they had seen/blessed is the king who comes in the name of the lord Some Pharisees told Jesus to silence the disciples. Jesus told them that if the disciples are to be quiet. then the stores would cry out. The owner of the colt sought to know where it was being taken to, they told him that Lord needed it. (b) Outline the events that took place from the time Jesus was arrested up to when he was sentenced to death. (7 marks)Jesus was taken to the house of the high priest. Peter denied Jesus three times. Jesus was mocked beaten/blind folded. Jesus was taken to the Sanhedrin/they made religions accusations against him. Jesus was taken to Pilate/they made political accusations He was sent to Herod who questioned/ridiculed him. Jesus was taken back to Pilate/Pilate said that he had not found Jesus guilty. Pilate had Jesus flogged/beaten. The crowd shouted that Jesus should be crucified/demanded for the release of Barabbas. Pilate surrendered Jesus to be crucified(c) Give seven lessons Christians learn from

Questions and Answers Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education 2020 Christian religious Education (CRE) Paper 1 1. (a) List books of the Bible in the Old Testament referred to as books of minor prophets.(6 marks) (ii) Micah (iii) Nahum (iv) Habakkia (v) Zephaniah (vi) Haggai (vii) Zechariah (viii) Malachi (xii) Obadiah (xiii) Jonah (b) Outline the effects of the translation of the Bible into African languages.(8 marks) (i) The scriptures have been written in languages that Africans can understand. (ii) It has enabled further spread of Christianity/has led to more converts. (iii) lt led to rise of African Independent Churches/schools (iv) It led to development of reading/writing/formal education literacy (v) It led to establishment of printing press to meet more demands uf the Bible/publishing houses (vi) It led to the establishment of Bible socicties to translate the Bible into more local Languanges. (vii) It has led to further research into.African religions heritage (viii) It has created jobs/employment in the printing brms/publishing fmns (ix) It led to Africans identifying with Christianity. (x) It led to development of African local languages (xi) It has promoted ccumental movements among Christians. (xii) It made Africans to demand for leadership roles in the church. xiii) It led to the division of the church due to different interpretations of the scriptures   (c) Give six ways in which Christians in Kenya use the Bible to spread the Good News.(6 marks) (i)Christians read the Bible to others so that they can hear the word of God church sermons/ wedding/burial ceremonies. (ii) They use the Bible to instruct/teach new converts. (iii) The Bible is used us main text in teaching’’learning Christian Religious Education in Institutions. (iv) They use the Bible as a basic reference book in general search of knowledge/development of Christian Religious syllabus. (v) Christians use the Bible to compose Christian songs/hymns/drama/ (vi) They use the Bible when writing Christian books/magazines (vii) It is used during discussions/Bible study/fellowships (viii) Bible is used in prayers/faith healing (ix) It is used for guidance and counselling (x) Its distributed to other people to read it on their own 2. (a) State the activities carried out by the Israelites on in the night of the Passover. (6 marks) (i) They chose a lamb, one year old without blemish (ii) The Israelites slaughtered the animals/goats/sheep. (iii) They smeared blood on their door post/frames (iv) They roasted the animals whole. (v) They ate unlenvened bread/bitter herbs/roasted meat (vi) Tbey ntc while standing/ in a hurry (vii) They dress and packed their belongings. (viii) They burnt the left overs/remains (ix) They remnined in their houses/ indoors (x) Tney borrowed jewelry from the Egyptians (b) State six ways in which Abraham demonstrated his faith in God. (6 marks) (i) He obeyed God’s call/left his homeland to unknown land. (ii) He agreed to enter into a covenant relationship with God (iii) Abraham was willing to sacrifice his only son lsaoc (iv) He accepted to be circumcised together with his household (v) Abraham built altars for God at Shechein and Bethel (vi) He agreed to change his name and that of his wife. (vii) Abraham believed in the promises given to him by God (viii) He abandoned the worship of idols/started worshipping the true God. (ix) He offered animals/birds for sacrifice. (c) Explain why some people in Kenya find it difficult to worship God.(8 marks) (i) Some people have a lot Of wealth/affluence/power/ pride, therefore they see no need of worshipping God. (ii) Other people live in abject poverty hence they lose hope in God. (iii) Some people are discourage by bad examples set by some members/ leaders/poor role models. (iv) Influence by modern technology whereby some people spend more time on their phone /computers hence have no time to worship God/ science technology providing solutions to many problems. (v) Constant conflicts in some churches (vi) Some people have no faith in God/spiritual matters therefore they cannot worship God/ no knowledge of God. (vii) Some people give up on worshipping Cmd when their reeds arc nnt inetprayers not answered. (viii) Some people do not worship God because they believe in other forces/powers of darkness/witchcraft devil worship (ix) Some people fear to be ridiculed/ mocked by their friends/peers hence fail to worship God. 3. (a) Describe the incident in which King Ahab took Naboth’s vineyard (1 Kings 21: I -16) (8 marks) (ii) King Ahab asked Naboth to give him the vineyard and sell it to him for a vegatable garden. (iii) Naboth refused to sell it to King Ahab because it was an inheritance from his forefathers (iv) King Ahab went home directly sad, disappointed, and refused to eat. (v) His wife Jezebel asked him why he was sad. (vi) When Ahab explained what Naboth had told him, Jezebel asked him whether he was the king or not said she would give Ahab the vineyard of Naboth (vii) Jezebel wrote letters to the elders of the city instructing them to accuse Naboth of blasphemy/treason. (viii) The elders organize for Naboth to be punished/killed. (ix) Naboth was taken outside to the city where he was stoned/killed. (x) When Jezebel heard about the death of Naboth, she told King Ahab to go and take possession of the vineyard. (xi) King Ahab went to possess the vineyard. (b) Outine six forms of punishment prophesied by EJijah to King Abab and Jezebel after taking Naboth’s vineyard. (8 marks) (i) The death of King Ahab would be in the same place where Naboth was stoned /killed. (ii)God would bring evil upon King Ahab. (iii)God would take away the prosperity ofAhab/his rule would come to an end. (iv)Dogs would lick the blood or Ahab where Naboth’s blood was licked. (v)All the male children/slaves of King Ahab would be cut off. (vi)Dogs would eat anybody from Ahab ‘s homc who die In the city. (vii)Birds of the air would eat anybody from Ahab’s house who would die in the fields. (viii) Dogs would eat the body of Jezebel/ Jezebel would die within the bounds

KCSE Past Papers 2010 CRE Paper 1 313/2 1. (a) Describe four activities that took place during the dedication of Jesus in the Temple (Luke 2: 22 – 40). (8 marks) (b) Outline seven lessons Christians learn from the incident when Jesus was left behind by his parents in the Temple (Luke 2: 41 – 52). (7 marks) (c) State five ways in which Christians show respect to places of worship in Kenya today. (5 marks) 2. (a) With reference to the sermon on the plain, state five teachings of Jesus on how human beings should relate to one another. (5 marks) (b) Describe the incident in which Jesus calmed the storm (Luke 8: 22 – 25). (10 marks) (c) Identify five virtues that Christians learn from the miracle of the feeding of the five thousand. (5 marks) 3. (a) State four accusations that were made against Jesus during his trial (Luke 22: 66 – 23: 1 – 23). (4 marks) (b) Give five reasons why Jesus appeared to His disciples after resurrection. (10 marks) (c) Why should Christians be discouraged from taking part is mob justice? (6 marks) 4. (a) Explain the teaching of Peter concerning the people of God (1st Peter 2: 9 – 10). (10 marks) (b) Give six ways through which Christians can promote unity among themselves in Kenya today. (6 marks) (c) State how kindness as a fruit of the Holy Spirit is abused in the Church in Kenya today. (4 marks) 5. (a) State four similarities between the Christian and traditional African view on marriage. (8 marks) (b) Give six reasons why some young people are choosing to remain unmarried in Kenya today. (6 marks) (c) Identify six ways in which the Church is helping to solve the problem of domestic violence in Kenya today. (6 marks) 6 (a) Explain the Christian view on plastic surgery hi Kenya today. (10 marks) (b) Describe four ways through which science and technology has negatively affected the environment created by God. (4 marks) (c) How can the youth in the Church carry out environmental restoration in Kenya today? (6 marks)  

KCSE Past Papers 2010 CRE Paper 1 1 . (a) Identify eight historical books in the Old Testament. (8 marks) (b) Give seven reasons why the Bible is referred to as a library. (7 marks) (c) State five different occasions when Christians use the Bible. (5 marks) 2. (a) State four ways in which God demonstrated His concern for the Israelites during the Exodus (8 marks) (b) How did the Israelites worship God when they were in the wilderness? (5 marks) (c) Identify seven challenges that Christians face while practising their faith in Kenya today. (7 marks) 3.(a) From the story of Naboth’s vineyard, explain the commandments which King Ahab and Queen Jezebel broke. (8 marks) (b) With reference to 1st Kings 21: 17 – 29, give the forms of punishment prophesied by Elijah to King Ahab and Queen Jezebel. (6 marks) (c) Why is killing condemned in traditional African communities? (6 marks) 4.(a) Outline six characteristics of true prophets in the Old Testament. (6 marks) (b) State four ways in which the rich oppressed the poor during the time of Prophet Amos. (8 marks) (c) Give six reasons why Christians find it difficult to help the needy in society today. (6 marks) 5. (a) Give six reasons why Jeremiah was not willing to accept the call of God to become a prophet. (6 marks) (b) Explain four evils condemned by Prophet Jeremiah during the Temple sermon. (8 marks) (c) State six ways in which Church leaders communicate God’s message to people in Kenya today. (6 marks) 6 (a) Name six places in which sacrifices are carried out in traditional African communities. (6 marks) (b) Give seven reasons why sacrifices are made in traditional African communities. (7 marks) (c) State seven roles of ancestors in traditional African communities. (7 marks)

33.2 Christian Religious Education Paper 2 (313/2) 1 (a) Basing your answer on the infancy narratives in Luke 1:5-56, describe what took place when Mary visited Elizabeth. (6 marks) (b) Identify six lessons that Christians learn from the lives of Zechariah and Elizabeth. (6 marks) (c) State eight ways through which Christians in Kenya express their joy for the birth of Jesus. (8 marks) 2 (a) With reference to the sermon on the plain, outline five teachings of Jesus on how human beings should relate to one another. (5 marks) (b) Describe the incident in which Jesus forgave the sinful woman in Luke 7:36 – 50. (8 marks) (c) Give seven reasons why Christians should ask for forgiveness from God. (7 marks) 3 (a) Outline the instructions that Jesus gave to the seventy two disciples when he sent them on a mission. (8 marks) (b) Relate the parable of the Pharisee and the tax collector (Luke 18:9-14). (5 marks) (c) Give seven reasons that make Christians pray. (7 marks) 4 (a) Explain how Peter’s life was transformed on the day of pentecost (Acts 4:211-40). (8 marks) (b) Outline Saint Paul’s teaching on how the gifts of the Holy Spirit should be used in the church. (5 marks) (c) State seven reasons why some Christians find it difficult to help the sick. (7 marks) 5 (a) Give sevenreasons for the importance of manual work in Kenya today. (7 marks) (b) List seven activities that the youth should engage in during their leisure time. (7 marks) (c) State six consequences of denying employees rest. (6 marks) 6 (a) Explain seven ways in which Christians can contribute towards the maintenance of law and order in society. (7 marks) (b) State seven methods of disciplining errant members in traditional African communities. (7 marks) (c) Identify six obstacles to effective maintenance of law and order in Kenya today. (6 marks)  

3.4 CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION (313) 15.1 Christian Religious Education Paper 1 (313/1) 1 (a) Explain the benefits of learning Christian Religious Education in Secondary Schools in Kenya. (8 marks) (b) Outline the major divisions of both the Old and New testament. (5 marks) (C) Identify seven ways in which the Bible is misused in Kenya today. (7 marks) 2 (a) Describe how God prepared the Israelites for the making of the covenant at Mt. Sinai (Exodus 19). (8 marks) (b) Give four reasons that made the Israelites to break the covenant while at Mt. Sinai (Exodus 32: l-35). (4 marks) (c) What do Christians learn about the nature of God from the Exodus? (8 marks) 3 (a) Outline the failures of King Saul. (5 marks) (b) Explain the achievements of David as King of Israel. (7 marks) (c) Give four reasons why Christians in Kenya should build churches. (8 marks) 4 (a) Outline seven characteristics of the prophets in the Old Testament. (7 marks) (b) Describe the call of Amos to become a prophet of God in Israel. (8 marks) (c) Identify the five visions of prophet Amos. (5 marks) 5 (a) Outline the stages followed in the renewal of the covenant during the time of Nehemiah. (8 marks) (b) Give six reasons why Nehemiah carried out religious reforms in Judah. (6 marks) (c) What lessons do Christians learn from the renewal of the covenant by Nehemiah? (6 marks) 6 (a) Describe the traditional African view of a community. (8 marks) (b) Explain six factors that have affected the traditional African peoples’ dependence on God. (6 marks) (c) Outline six similarities between the Christian and traditional African ways of showing respect to God. (6 marks)

5.3.2 Christian Religious Education Paper 2 (313/2) (1a) annunciation of the birth of John the baptist. (i) Angel Gabriel appeared to Zechariah as he performed his priestly duties in the temple; (ii) The angel stood by the right side of the alter; (iii) Zechariah was filled with fear when he saw the angel; (iv) The angel told him not to be afraid because his prayer had been heard; (v) The angel told Zechariah that the wife would bear him a son/the son would be called (vi) The angel informed Zechariah the work/qualities of the son to be bom. (vii) Zechariah did not believe the angel’s message because he and his wife were advanced in age; (viii) The angel revealed his identity as Gabriel who had been sent by God to bring the message. (ix) Because of his unbelief, the angel made him dumb until the baby is bom. 6xl=6marks   (1)(b) What Christians learn about the person and mission of John the baptist from the message of angel Gabriel to Zechariah. (i) John would bring joy/gladness to many people; (ii) He would be great before God; (iii) John would be a Nazarite/would not drink any wine; (iv) He would be filled with the Holy spirit; (v) He would reconcile the Israelites with God. (vi) He would have the spirit/power of Elijah. (vii) He would bring justice; (viii) He would prepare people for the coming of the Messiah. (6 x l = 6 marks) (2)(a) Ways in which the church in Kenya assists families to cope with challenges facing them (i) The church organises seminars/workshops for different groups on family life; (ii) Offering guidance and counselling; (iii) Paying visits to families; (iv) Producing/disseminating literature on proper Christian living; (v) Preaching financial/material support to the ready families; (vi) Giving financial/material support to the ready families; (vii) Praying for the families; (viii) Providing vocational training; (ix) Offering employment to jobless people; (x) Condemning vices which threaten families. 8 x l = 8 marks (c) The call of the first disciples of Jesus (Luke 5: 1-ll) (i) Jesus was standing by the lake of Gennesaret: (ii) He saw two boats without the fishermen: (iii) He entered Simon’s boat/asked them to push it into the water; (iv) He sat down/taught people from the boat; (v) He asked Simon to push the boat into the deep water/cast the nets for a catch; (vi) Simon told Jesus that they had been fishing the whole night without success; (vii) He obeyed Jesus‘ command let the nets down: (viii) They caught a lot of fish/asked their partners in the other boat to assist them remove the nets. (ix) They filled both boats with fish/the boats began to sink: (x) Simon Peter and his companions were astonished at the miraculous catch of fish/Peter asked Jesus to depart from him because he was sinful man. (xi) Jesus told Peter not to be afraid because he was to catch men from then; (xii) They brought their boats to land/followed Jesus. 8 x l = 8 marks (2)(a) Reasons why Jesus chose the twelve disciples (i) In order to teach them the secrets of the Kingdom of God. (ii) To have companions/person assistants; (iii) To form an inner grap which should assist him during his public ministry; (iv) To be witnesses to his saving acts in the world: (v) To reveal his person/give a new understanding of his messiah ship: (vi) It symbolised the reconstruction of the twelve tribes of Israel. (vii) To train/prepare them for the mission after his death. (vii) To lay a foundation for the establishment of the church. (ix) To continue with the biblical theme of election in which God chooses anyone to serve him. 6 x 1 = 6 marks (2)(b) Lessons that Christians learn from the call of the first disciples. (i) Christians learn that God chooses anyone regardless of their status in the society; (ii) He gives them duties/responsibilities to serve him in various capacities; (iii) They should be obedient to Jesus” instructions/commands; (iv) Christians should be humble/accept their weaknesses;   (v) They learn that God can intervene in their lives; (vi) Christians should work together as a team; (vii) God reveals himself in everyday activities; (ix) Christians should be ready to abandon forsake their past lives fort he sake of Christ. (x) They should respond to Jesus‘ call instantly/immediately. 6 x l = 6 marks (2)(c) Jesus’ teaching on watchfulness and readiness (i) Believers should be dressed for his coming; (ii) They should keep their lamps burning; (iii) They should be awake/alert; (iv) Those who are found waiting (v) They should be prepared at all times since they do not know the time for Christ’s coming; (vi) Believers should continue working until Christ comes back; (vii) The servants/believers who are drunkards/mistreat fellow workers will be punished; (viii) Those who know what is required of them/their masters will and fail to do it will receive a severe beating; (ix) Believers are expected to respond to God according to how much they have received from Him. (x) Those who do wrong out of ignorance will receive lesser beatings/punishment. 8xl=8marks (3)(a) The parable of the widow and the unjust judge (i) There was a judge who neither feared God nor regarded man; (ii) There was a widow who kept on coming to the judge to settle a case between her and her enemies/adversaries; (iii) The judge at first refused to grant the request of the widow; (iv) The widow did not give up/persisted on her request; (v) The judge was afraid of getting warn out by the widows’ insistence; (vi) The judge finally accepted to grant the widow her request. (vii) Jesus said that God would vindicate/grant the request of those who pray to Him persistently; (vii) Jesus said that God responds to these who pray to Him in faith speedily. 6x l=6marks (3)(b) Reasons why Christians should have faith in god (i) God fulfil’s the promises he makes to human beings; (ii) Faith is a requirement

Office organization involves grouping similar activities in an organization together which results in the establishment of various departments and sections and assigning responsibilities, duties and authority among its personnel.  This ensures an organization objectives are attained. When an organization has been divided into departments and sections and responsibilities and duties have been allocated to the available staff, an organization’s organization structure is thus formed.  Therefore, an organization structure indicates who in the organization has authority, who is responsible to whom and for what at any level. ORGANISATION CHARTS An organization chart is a diagrammatic illustration of an organization structure. Factors to consider when designing an organization chart The various departments and sections should be portrayed . The charts should show the lines of command so that every subordinate knows his or her superior. The number of levels of management should be kept to a minimum otherwise communication both upwards and downwards suffers. The span of control should be portrayed, that is, the number of persons under the control of the superior. Lines of communication both upwards and downwards should be indicated since the principle of delegation of authority should be encouraged. TYPES OF ORGANISATION CHARTS Vertical Organization Chart The chart lies in a vertical position with the lines of command and authority shown from top to bottom. The senior executives are at the top of the chart and successive levels of management depicted below that. 2. Horizontal Organization Chart The organization chart lies horizontally with the lines of command and authority proceeding horizontally from left to right.  The top levels at the left and each successive levels extending to the right. 3. Circular Organization Chart It shows the top positions at the centre of a series of concentric circles from where authority extends in all directions with the outermost circles showing the operative workers. Advantages of Organization Chart The whole organization structure can be seen at a glance enabling all members of staff to be aware of how each section, department and the whole organization is structured. Sphere of responsibility and authority are clearly shown. Lines of communication are easily seen. The span of control of each supervisor or manager can be seen. It can be used to show the new members of staff how the organization is structured. It assists the outsiders learn to how the organization operates. It is easier to understand and review the structure when it is analyzed graphically. Disadvantages of Organization Chart It becomes outdated due to changes of positions. It is expensive to prepare the charts. Space provided is not enough to fill all the details required. Sometime it may give a misleading picture if the interpretation is too narrow. Usually it shows formal relationships and fails to show informal relationships within an organization. By showing status it dilutes team spirit. Although it shows lines of authority, it fails to show how much authority and how far ones responsibility extends. It shows a static state of affairs and does not show flexibility which ought to exist in a dynamic organization. WORK PLAN A secretary can have planning units with the largest unit being a year, scaled down to a month, then to a week and a day being the shortest unit, so that the yearly unit content is spread over the 12 months, monthly unit content over four weeks and the weekly unit content spread over the five days. Planning units therefore can be visualized as years, half-years, months, weeks or days. The largest unit contains the outline plan which has to be broken down into smaller units which become increasingly more detailed as each individual section and sub-section is considered as a planning unit For example: Your boss has just had his revaccination. This will have to be renewed in three years’ time. Note it immediately in the appropriate month of the year-plan sheet for three years ahead. Later when the detailed planning is done, it will be noted in the appropriate week of the month-plan sheet, depending on your boss’s workload and other commitments. Finally it will be allocated to a particular day again depending on workload and the availability of an appointment.  It is important to look ahead all the time so that items can be dealt with at the most suitable time. The content of each unit will depend to some extent on: The organization in which you work and your boss’s job Also the type of work and the length of time taken to carry out different aspects of the same job. For example it may take longer to produce the accounts for a Board meeting than to produce an engineering report. PLANNING AIDS/OFFICE AIDS/MEMORY DEVICES A desk diary It is used to indicate the daily activities. It is used as a reminder of: Work deadlines Appointments and meetings Files to be followed up Staff absences – holidays, etc Social engagements A computerized desk diary planner It is kept on a computer so that the entries can be seen on a VDU and a print out made when required.  An entry is made by keying in the date, time and brief details of the item and if an appointment is cancelled or changed to another time or date it can be removed from the memory and re-entered on another date if necessary. Year planners These are large plastic calendars where the events/business activities of that year are entered in the appropriate date boxes.  It is displayed on the wall so that all years activities can be seen at a glance and also to plan engagements methodically on one single sheet.  Special events or significant dates can be highlighted using self-adhesive coloured signals/special or bright colours. Tickler System or Tickler File Has file folders labeled January to December.  In each file we have divider cards or sheets of stiff paper labeled 1-31 to divide the days of the month.  A tickle file helps to remind you of activities that have to be done or enable you to make a

KCSE Past Papers CRE 2013 43.1 Christian Religious Education Paper 1 (313/1) 1.(a) Identify the five poetic books in the Bible. (5 marks) (b) Outline the translation of the Bible from the original language to local languages.(8 marks) (c) Describe seven ways in which Christians use the Bible to spread the gospel today.- (7 marks) 2. (a) Describe the incident when Abraham was willing to sacrifice his son Isaac. I (Genesis 22: 1-19) (6 marks) (b) Give four differences between the Jewish and traditional African practices of circumcision. (8 marks) (c) State six ways in which Christians identify themselves in the society today. (6 marks) 3.(a) How did prophet Samuel promote the worship of Yahweh in Israel? (8 marks) (b) Explain six effects of idolatry in Israel during the time of prophet Elijah. (6 marks) (c) What lessons can Christians learn about social justice from the story of Naboth’s vineyard? (6 marks) 4.(a) Identify six characteristics of false prophets in the Old Testament. (6 marks) (b) Describe the teaching of prophet Amos on Israel’s election. (6 marks) (c) State eight factors that hinder Christians from practicing their faith in God. (8 marks) 5.(a) Outline the measures taken by Nehemiah to restore the Jewish community after the completion of the wall of Jerusalem. (7 marks) (b) Explain why Nehemiah introduced the policy of separation of Jews from foreigners.(8 marks) (c) Identify five ways in which the govemment of Kenya supports church leaders in their work. . (5 marks) 6.(a) Outline the causes of death in traditional African communities. (6 marks) (b) Explain the significance of rituals performed after the death of a person in traditional African communities. (7 marks) (c) List seven moral values promoted during funeral ceremonies in traditional African communities. (7 marks) 4.3.2 Christian Religious Education Paper 2 (313/2) 1.(a) With reference to Luke 1: 8-20, describe the annunciation of the birth of John the Baptist. (6 marks) (b) What do Christians learn about the person and mission of John the Baptist from the message of angel Gabriel to Zechariah? (6 marks) (c) State eight ways in which the church in Kenya assists families to cope with the challenges facing them today. (8 marks) 2.(a) Describe the call of the first disciples of Jesus. (Luke 5:1-11). (8 marks) (b) Give six reasons why Jesus chose the twelve disciples. (6 marks) (c) Identify six lessons that Christians learn from the call of the first disciples. (6 marks) 3.(a) Outline Jesus’ teaching on watchfulness and readiness. (Luke 12:35-48). (8 marks) (b) Narrate the parable of the widow and the unjust judge. (Luke 18:1-8). (6 marks) (c) Give six reasons why Christians should have faith in God. (6 marks) 4.(a) Identify the gifts of the Holy Spirit according to Saint Paul. (1 Corinthians 12: 7-11).(8 marks) (b) How was the life of Peter transformed on the day of Pentecost? (6 marks) (c) Explain six ways in which the gifts of the Holy Spirit are abused in the church today.(6 marks) 5.(a) State the importance of leisure. (6 marks) (b) Identify seven leisure activities common to both Christianity and traditional Africa communities. (7 marks) (c) Explain the dangers of using illicit drugs among the youth in Kenya today. (7 marks) 6.(a) Explain how science and technology has improved human life. (8 marks) (b) Give six reasons why Christians are opposed to euthanasia. (6 marks) (c) Identify ways through which Christians can help to control desertification. (6 marks)

Interview means view between.  It means two people meeting for purpose of getting to view each other or knowing each other.  The interviewer is interested to know whether or not the candidate can fit in the open position.  On the other hand, the interviewees will assess the organization to decide whether or not to join it. THE PURPOSE OF INTERVIEWING To find out what sort of person (personality) the applicant is To check on factual data in the application To give the applicant information about the job To assess the applicants suitability for the job To enable the candidate to ask questions about the job To select the most suitable applicant for the job INTERVIEWING TECHNIQUES They include: Screening This refers to the preliminary interview which is done when there are many applicants for a given post.  The aim of screen interview is to eliminate unqualified applicants and prepare a short list of qualified applicants Random appearance This method is used when physical appearance is the essential requirement for a given post, such as for bouncers, air hostesses, policemen and others Tests Written or oral tests can be used to test the intelligence, proficiency and general knowledge of the applicants Under stress interviews In this method the candidate is provoked to test his poise and how he will acquit himself from difficult situations.  The candidate may be asked embarrassing questions or asked to demonstrate how he can carry out a given task such as selling items to panelists INTERVIEWER’S PREPARATION, i.e, role of interviewer before the interview You should: Have a thorough knowledge of the company, its profile, operations and employment policies Know the nature and profile of the job to be filled Know the type of personality, character or temperament required for the job Send all interview messages on time to candidates Make proper seating arrangements for candidates in the waiting room Make interview room conducive for the interview that is with no interruptions Supply each member of the committee with a copy of the candidates bio-data Decide before hand who is going to initiate the interview Develop questions HOW TO CONDUCT AN INTERVIEW, i.e., role of interviewer during the interview Welcome the candidate in a friendly way Offer warm smile to the candidate, talk to him in a friendly tone of voice, hold a small talk with him in an areas he is familiar. After the candidate has been made comfortable then you should start talking to him on the subject you want to know about. You will want to know the candidate’s qualifications (ability to do the job), aspirations (willingness to do the job), social effectiveness and emotions balance (relationship with others) character (trustworthiness), physical vigor and energy, spouse’s attitude towards the job, financial stability, willingness to travel and willingness to make permanent move. Make notes about the candidate and discuss the notes with other panelists when the candidate has left Give the candidate time to ask questions If a decision is to be made immediately let the candidate know shortly after the discussion Thank the candidate for his time and tell him by when he should expect a response from you PREPARING FOR AN INTERVIEW, i.e, role of interviewee before the interview Make sure you know everything there is to know about yourself, such as academic qualifications, ambitions, hobbies, work experience Gather as much information about the company as possible e.g. their operation, servicers, personnel remunerations Carry with you all your certificates to the interview room Prepare a list of questions you predict the interviewers may askf Prepare appropriate answers for your predicted questions Prepare questions that you could like to ask during the interview Dress appropriately; example for men a black or navy blue suit and a plain light coloured shirt may be winning colors Arrive for the interview on time, arrive time is ten – fifteen minutes before the time of the interview HOW TO CONDUCT YOURSELF DURING THE INTERVIEWS, i.e, role of interviewee during the interview Walk carefully into the interview room, do not wear a scowl or a stupid smile when entering the interview room Greet the interviewers politely and avoid shaking hands unless the interviewers stretch their hands to you Do not sit down until you have been asked to do so, adopt a natural and upright composed posture when seated Pay attention to what is being said and do not interrupt the interviewer When responding give relevant answers only and be audible enough for all the panelists to hear you Do not boast of your capabilities or qualifications If there is something you don’t know admit it straight a way If you are being interviewed by someone who does not possess as many degrees as yourself do not put on airs. Give the interviewers your co-operation and respect Be calm throughout the interview. Do not lose your temper or argue with the panelist, these may not work your way Adopt a positive approach throughout the interview; express your enthusiasm for the job and the company. If you give an impression that you are not interested you may realize that the interviewer is also not interested in hiring you Avoid shifting in your seat, chewing fingers, smoothing your hair, adjusting the knot of your tie or playing with the pen or paper. All these are signs of nervousness.  Nervousness is your worst enemy in interview When you are asked about your previous employer, be frank but do not criticize your former employer. Mention only positive aspects of your former employer Ask questions where full information has not been provided by the interviewer When the interview is over do not forget to thank the interviewer. You can ask tactfully when the result will be made known to you. ROLE OF INTERVIEWER – After the interview This is frequently signaled by the interviewer thanking the applicant for attending and stating that a letter regarding the outcome will be sent as soon as possible. This is not a polite way of turning someone

3.10.2 Christian Religious Education Paper 2 (313/2) 1 (a)State lsaiah’s prophecies concerning the messiah. (8 marks) (b)Outline the events that took place on the night Jesus was born. (6 marks) (c)Give three reasons why Christians present gifts to new born babies. (6 marks) 2 (a)What do Christians learn about Jesus from the incident when he Was baptized? (6 marks) (b)Describe the temptation of Jesus in the Wilderness. (Luke 4: l -13) (7 marks) (c)Outline seven lessons Christians learn from the temptation of Jesus. (7 marks) 3 (a)Describe the triumphant entry of Jesus into Jerusalem. (Luke 19:28-40) (6 marks) (b)Outline the events that took place from the time Jesus was arrested upto the time he Was sentenced to die. (7 marks) (c)State seven lessons Christian learn from the suffering and death of Jesus. (7 marks) 4 (a)Outline Saint Paul’s teachings on love. (l Corinthians 13). (8 marks) (b)Give five examples of relationships based on false love in Kenya today. (5 marks) (c)Explain the role of the Holy Spirit in the Church today. (7 marks) 5 (a)State five similarities between the traditional African and Christian view on human sexuality. (5 marks) (b)Explain five factors that have led to the increase of intermarriages among communities in Kenya today. (10 marks) (c)State five challenges that children from single parent families face in Kenya. (5 marks) 6 (a)Give six reasons Why laws are important to the people of Kenya. (6 marks) (b)List seven rights of a Kenyan citizen. (7 marks) (c)In What ways does the church in Kenya help to reform errant members of the society? (7 marks)

In many companies, marketing departments turn into a kind of catch-all: they do lots of tasks that in most cases are not related in any way to each other. A common situation is that a task arrives to the company and these questions arise: Would this correspond to the purchasing department? No. Would this correspond to the sales department? No. Would this correspond to the accounting? No. Then this must be a task for the marketing department. However, a company without a marketing department or at least a department in charge of marketing is unconceivable. All companies are being aware that they need to get their message to the client through the marketing department. If it’s that important, how come ends up being a ‘does it all’ department? What are the real duties of a marketing department? In this post you’ll find 10 tasks that are the responsibility of the marketing department. All of them have a crucial importance in ensuring the survival of your company. The 10 responsibilities of marketing departments Listening to customer needs To establish a marketing strategy, it’s necessary to get closer to the clients and listen in order to find out what their needs are. It’s a marketing department task, to plan the necessary means for receiving customer feedback: Company internal channels: Create surveys or capture information of the sales team and customer support (departments closest to the customer) that may be relevant to enhancing or redirecting the marketing strategies in the future. Channels outside the company: Perform searches and create actions in social networks that help to better understand the needs of users, in order to convert them into customers. Track trends and monitor competition Similar to the previous point, it’s important to know the position of the company regarding the market and the competition. That’s why from marketing, you must watch the competition to learn what they do best or to identify their mistakes in order to avoid falling into them. Work and brand values Conceptually, a brand is a representation of the feelings that the products, services and company shares show. The marketing department is responsible for creating and disseminating images, messages and ideas that best communicate the brand values. Additionally, you must ensure that all company departments convey these messages in a consistent and unified way. Searching for new (and helpful) marketing’ tools Been updated in all what concerns the marketing field is a must. That’s why as marketers we should be conscious about the new trends, strategies and digital tools that arise by the time. Nowadays there are three types of marketing tools that must have a presence in every marketing department:  Product Management tools There are many types of product management software depending on our product management routine. It can include tools for Project Tracking (such as Basecamp or Slack); User Feedback, perfect for collecting customers impressions (tools like SurveyMonkey, Canny are useful); and obviously, analytics tools such as Google Analytics (well known globally) or Kissmetrics, that are a must to determined the our product success and those web areas with greatest or lowest interaction. Marketing automation tools The power of this “all in one” platforms is the possibility of managing and controlling all the processes of our digital marketing strategy. These tools include the possibility of creating content, landing pages, email marketing, lead nurturing with automated workflows, CRM, etc… Hubspot is the perfect example of a complete marketing automation tool. Product Information Management tools Maybe you haven’t heard before about it, or maybe you know it as PIM. This digital solution allows you in real time collecting-storing-analyze-distribute all your product content in all the platforms, marketplaces and channels where products are published. Also, it has become an ally for the creation and update sales materials: catalogs (online & offline), price listings, etc. It’s possibilities seem unreal, but it offers more benefits and advantages for your marketing team, find it all in this guide. Coordinate efforts with those of the marketing partners of the company Around the business’s marketing there are lots of contributors: publishers, designers, journalists, consultants… The work of these contributors must be aligned with the objectives of the company, and is the department itself who should control it to do so. Innovate Customers need to be surprised, and every day, given the higher offer, they are more demanding with this. The marketing department should work on new promotions, affiliate programs, customer retention techniques, improvements in the conversion of their messages and actions… It’s not a matter of inventing entirely different disruptive actions; you’ll find innovation in the small details and in the continuous improvement. Communicate with the rest of the company A company is a chain of members pursuing a common goal: to fulfil its mission and maximize its profits, while respecting the principles of business ethics. A chain is as weak as its weakest link. It doesn’t matter that the commercial or production department are doing an impeccable job, if the marketing department fails, the entire company will fail and the efforts of other departments will be in vain. That is why the marketing department must ensure that their actions are aligned with the overall objectives of the company and that they report the work they are doing. Help improve sales processes and customer As mentioned above, it’s the responsibility of the marketing department to know the users and especially the customers’ feelings. A good way for better knowing the customer is that all departments that have more direct contact with the customer shall be working with the empathy maps. Manage marketing budgets & Calculate the ROI (Return Of Investment) of the company’s actions Like any other division, the marketing department should be able to plan its budget for the next year’s activities, stretching it in order to make the most of it, for ensuring a positive ROI. Because as you know, marketing activities are an investment of time, money and effort. And like every investment, it requires measuring actions in order to check whether they meet the intended objectives and in order to compare a certain action with others. Faced with questions as ‘should I invest in telemarketing, social media, traditional media…?’ The