April 23, 2025

  Consumer Awareness By the end of the lesson you should be able to define the terms consumer, goods, services and consumer education. Shopping The video clip shows a consumer purchasing goods in a supermarket. Shoe shining The video clip shows a service being rendered. Sources of consumer awareness Information on products and services can be obtained from various sources and also through various methods. A consumer gets information from the following sources: Informative This type of advertising only informs the consumer of what products or services are available. It may also enlighten consumers about new uses of products that they already know of. Persuasive This type of advertisement convinces the consumers to buy a particular good or service other than the one they are used to. It tells the consumers that they really need the good or service and that they should buy it. Competitive This type of advertisement is common where two competitors are selling the same good or service. It emphasizes that the goods or services of a particular company are of better quality than similar ones from another company.

  Laundry Processes These refers to the series of activities carried out in cleaning and maintenace of clothes. The processes include: Sorting Repairing Soaking/steeping Rinsing Drying Finishing Storage Laundering Various Articles i. Tea-stained white cotton table cloth ii. Fast coloured baby’s cotton bed sheet iii. Loose coloured lesso/khanga iv. Knitted woollen sweater v. Synthetic blouse Describe how to launder different fabrics appropriately. Describe how to carry out special treatment in laundry work

  Detergents By the end of the lesson you should be able to distinguish between soaps and soapless detergents. Forms of Detergents Laundry Agents These are substances other than soap that aid in laundry work. They include: Objectives By the end of the lesson you should be able to: Identify laundry agents. State their uses. Sorting Repairing Video clip showing a person fixing a hanging hem. Click on the PLAY button to view the video Soaking/steeping Video clip showing a person soaking a white cotton table cloth in cold plain water. Washing Video clip showing a person washing a white cotton table cloth. Rinsing Video clip showing a person rinsing a white cotton table cloth in cold plain water. Drying Video clip showing a person drying a white cotton table cloth on the clothes line using pegs. Finishing Video clip showing a person ironing a white cotton table cloth. Airing Video clip showing a person airing a white cotton table cloth. Storage Video clip showing a person storing a white cotton table cloth. This can be done either by hanging or folding and then storing in a drawer

  Laundry Work Laundry work is the process of washing, drying, finishing and storing household articles and clothes so as to maintain their original state. Washing Equipment Washing Equipment includes, buckets, basins, a laundry brush, washing machines and boilers. A large sufuria can be used as a boiler. Drying Equipment Drying Equipment includes, a clothes line, pegs, drying racks, clothes horse and various types of driers. Finishing Equipment Finishing Equipment includes irons, a calendaring machine, an ironing table or ironing board and a sleeve board. Storage equipment Storage Equipment includes chest of drawers and a wardrobe, which may either be fee standing or built in, suitcases, wooden or metal boxes. There is also improvised storage equipment which may include a carton box, a string for hanging items, nails on a wooden board on the wall, hooks on the wall, organizers or a clothes stand. Laundry Equipment For laundry work to be effectively done you need sufficient laundry equipment. This include: 1. Washing equipment 2. Drying equipment 3. Finishing equipment 4. Storage equipment Soap Soap is made from natural products such as animal fat or vegetable oil and an alkali. Soapless detergents Soapless detergents are made purely from chemicals such as petroleum by-products.

  The surrounding in which we live in, is known as the environment. It is important to keep our surroundings clean so as to prevent illnesses and the spread of diseases. Objective By the end of the lesson you should be able to explain the concept environmental hygiene. Free drainage It is a method of disposing water anywhere in the compound. Open Drainage It is a method of disposing water by directing it into gutters or a simple trench dug on the ground. The trench can also be well constructed with materials such as cement, plastic or metal. An Open Drain Concealed drainage In this type of drainage, water is drawn away from the house through pipes and covered drains. Definition of Drainage Drainage is the removal of water from houses and buildings such as rain water and waste water. Stagnant water around houses and buildings is a health hazard. It is therefore important to draw it away appropriately. Types of Drainage Free drainage Open drainage Concealed Malaria Malaria is caused by a parasite which is spread by the anopheles mosquito. Typhoid Typhoid is caused by a bacteria found in urine or faeces. Cholera Cholera is caused by a bacteria found in contaminated water and food. Dysentery Dysentery is caused by protozoa (amoeba) found in human faeces. Scabies Scabies is caused by mites found in places where there is poor personal hygiene. Bilhazia Bilhazia is caused by parasitic snails found in fresh water. Ringworms Ringworms are caused by fungi which affects the skin. Tuberculosis (TB) Tuberculosis is caused by bacteria which affects different parts of the body such as the lungs. Introduction Communicable diseases are those that are easily passed on from person to person or from host to person. A host refers to a carrier of disease causing organisms (germs). The common communicable diseases are: Objectives By the end of the lesson you should be able to: State the common communicable diseases. Identify causes of common communicable diseases. Mode of transmission of dysentery, typhoid and cholera One common transmission mode of dysentery, typhoid and cholera is through contaminated water. Signs and symptoms Severe abdominal pains Fever Nausea Loss of appetite Diarrhoea Dehydration Violent vomiting Acute diarrohea Abdominal pain Headaches General body weakness Prevention and Control of Dysentery, Cholera and Typhoid Practice proper disposal of human waste Treat water for domestic use Observe proper hygiene practices Ensure regular medical checkups for food handlers Scabies is a skin disease which manifests itself in form of rashes which form blisters and sores.Itchy skin Rashes which form blisters and soresThis is a skin disease which manifests itself in form of whitish round rings) on the infected area. Itching of the infected areas Whitish round ring(s) on the infected area Loss of hair on the infected area Skin diseases Some skin diseases are contracted through body contact, improper hygiene and by sharing personal items. These include: Prevention and Control of Skin Diseases Practice personal hygiene; Avoid sharing personal items such as, combs, clothes and many others; Disinfect / sterilize personal items occasionally; Seek medical attention.