March 30, 2022

2015july[tnc-pdf-viewer-iframe file=”https://knecnotes.co.ke/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2015july-1_OCR.pdf” width=”100%” height=”800″ download=”false” print=”false” fullscreen=”true” share=”true” zoom=”true” open=”true” pagenav=”true” logo=”true” find=”true” current_view=”true” rotate=”true” handtool=”true” doc_prop=”true” toggle_menu=”true” toggle_left=”true” scroll=”true” spread=”true” default_scroll=”0″ default_spread=”0″ language=”en-US” page=”” default_zoom=”auto” pagemode=”none” iframe_title=””] (1)_OCR

2014julya_[tnc-pdf-viewer-iframe file=”https://knecnotes.co.ke/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2014julya_OCR-1.pdf” width=”100%” height=”800″ download=”false” print=”false” fullscreen=”true” share=”true” zoom=”true” open=”true” pagenav=”true” logo=”true” find=”true” current_view=”true” rotate=”true” handtool=”true” doc_prop=”true” toggle_menu=”true” toggle_left=”true” scroll=”true” spread=”true” default_scroll=”0″ default_spread=”0″ language=”en-US” page=”” default_zoom=”auto” pagemode=”none” iframe_title=””]OCR

2014jul[tnc-pdf-viewer-iframe file=”https://knecnotes.co.ke/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2014july_OCR-6.pdf” width=”100%” height=”800″ download=”false” print=”false” fullscreen=”true” share=”true” zoom=”true” open=”true” pagenav=”true” logo=”true” find=”true” current_view=”true” rotate=”true” handtool=”true” doc_prop=”true” toggle_menu=”true” toggle_left=”true” scroll=”true” spread=”true” default_scroll=”0″ default_spread=”0″ language=”en-US” page=”” default_zoom=”auto” pagemode=”none” iframe_title=””]y_OCR

201[tnc-pdf-viewer-iframe file=”https://knecnotes.co.ke/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2013july_OCR-10.pdf” width=”100%” height=”800″ download=”false” print=”false” fullscreen=”true” share=”true” zoom=”true” open=”true” pagenav=”true” logo=”true” find=”true” current_view=”true” rotate=”true” handtool=”true” doc_prop=”true” toggle_menu=”true” toggle_left=”true” scroll=”true” spread=”true” default_scroll=”0″ default_spread=”0″ language=”en-US” page=”” default_zoom=”auto” pagemode=”none” iframe_title=””]3july_OCR

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DBIT503 PRINCIPLES OF MARKETING DATE: AUGUST 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer any THREE questions. QUESTION ONE a) In your own words define the term marketing. (2Marks) b) Explain the four types of strategic business approaches. (8Marks) c) Explain how marketing decisions affect all other departments. (6Marks) d) Explain two categories of customers. (2Marks) e) What is the most challenging thing to a marketing manager in dealing with clients? (2Marks) f) Describe five functions of marketing. (10Marks) QUESTION TWO a) Explain the reasons for market segmentation. (8Marks) b) Describe the factors that may influence macro marketing environment. (10Marks) c) What is internal marketing? (2Marks) QUESTION THREE a) Discuss the importance of marketing research to a business. (6Marks) b) Explain how a business can differentiate itself from competitors. (1oMarks) c) Define the following marketing terms. (4Marks) i. Repositioning ii. Targeting iii. Industrial marketing iv. Customization QUESTION FOUR a) State the 8 steps involved in setting the right price. (8Marks) b) Describe the factors that may influence consumer behaviour. (6Marks) c) Explain how international trade may influence our local market. (6Marks) QUESTION FIVE a) Explain the information one needs to know about consumers. (10Marks) b) Describe how a business can create loyalty in its customers. (4Marks) c) Describe three types of competition in marketing. (6Marks) –

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DBIT 406: INTERNET APPLICATION PROGRAMMING DATE: AUGUST, 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One and ANY other two questions. QUESTION ONE [20 MARKS] (a) Explain the following website related terms:- [4 Marks] (i) HTML tag (ii) Website (iii)Hyperlinked text (iv)Web browser (b) With the aid of a sketch HTML code, illustrate and explain the components of a typical HTML page [6 Marks] (c) With the aid of a diagram, describe the client server architecture. [9 Marks] (d) Write HTML code to display form shown below in figure 1 when run via a web browser [8 Marks] Page 2 of 5 Figure 1 (e) Explain the functions of the following protocols:- [3 Marks] (i) FTP (ii) SMTP (iii)HTTP QUESTION TWO [20 MARKS] (a) Discuss five factors you would consider while designing and implementing a website for KCA University [5 Marks] (b) List and explain four IMG tag attributes supported by HTML [8 Marks] (c) Write JavaScript code embedded on an HTML page to display the output shown in figure 2 below:- [7 Marks] Figure 2 QUESTION THREE [20 MARKS] (a) Outline four differences between JavaScript language and Java programming language [4 Marks] (b) Explain the term ISP and give any two examples of ISP’s [4 Marks] (c) Discuss four benefits of Internet technology to a business sector [4 Marks] (d) Write HTML code to create the table shown in figure 3 below:- [8 Marks] Figure 3 QUESTION FOUR [20 MARKS] a) In your own view, what is the contribution of web applications in the ICT world? [5 Marks] (a) Giving appropriate examples, discuss three types of websites [6 Marks] (b) Write HTML code that will display a frame with four columns of size 20%, 60%,40% and 57% with the first showing the contents of page1.html, second showing the content of the file2.html, third showing the contents of page3.html and four showing the contents of the file4.html [6 Marks] (c) Outline three uses of tables in an HTML page [3 Marks] QUESTION FIVE [20 MARKS] (a) Write JavaScript code embedded on an HTML page to display the output “Sorry no current updates at the moment” when a user clicks on a button named “Latest Updates” [9 Marks] (b) Describe any three types of web applications [3 Marks] (c) Figure 4 shows a webpage, write the HTML code to create the page:- [8 Marks] Figure 4

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DBIT403 COMPUTER OPERATING SYSTEMS DATE: AUGUST, 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One and ANY other two questions. QUESTION ONE [30 MARKS] (a) Explain each of the following terms as used in operating systems:- [5 Marks] (i) External fragmentation (ii) Shell (iii)Process scheduling (iv)Deadlock (v) Operating system (b) Discuss four conditions necessary for a deadlock condition to occur [8 Marks] (c) Explain three reasons for using a Graphical User Interface (GUI) rather than a Command Line Interface (CLI) [6 Marks] (d) Explain five key factors to consider while selecting a computer operating system[5 Marks] (e) Outline four examples of commonly used operating systems in the market [4 Marks] (f) Giving an example in each case, distinguish between the terms Application software & system software as used in computer systems [2 Marks] QUESTION TWO [20 MARKS] (a) Explain four factors that determine the choice of a processor scheduling technique [4 Marks] (b) With the aid of a well labeled diagram, illustrate and briefly explain the five states of a process as used in operating systems [7 Marks] (c) With the aid of diagrams, describe each of the following memory management techniques:- (i) Swapping [3 Marks] (ii) Segmentation [3 Marks] (iii)Paging [3 Marks] QUESTION THREE [20 MARKS] (a) Define the term ‘semaphore” as used in operating systems [2 Marks] (b) Discuss six key functions of a computer operating system [6 Marks] (c) Describe the following process scheduling algorithms outlining the advantages and disadvantages:- (i) FIFO [4 Marks] (ii) Priority scheduling [4 Marks] (iii)Shortest Job First [4 Marks] QUESTION FOUR [20 MARKS] (a) Give MS-DOS commands to carry out each of the tasks:- (i) Create a directory name Operating Systems in Drive C:\ [2 Marks] (ii) Display all the directories in drive D:\ [2 Marks] (iii)Display today’s date [2 Marks] (iv)Rename a directory name Computers to Systems in drive D:\ [2 Marks] (b) Explain the following terms as used in operating systems:- (i) Disk formatting [2 Marks] (ii) Disk compression [2 Marks] (iii)Computer booting [2 Marks] (c) List and explain the functions of three types of schedulers as used in operating systems [6 Marks] QUESTION FIVE [20 MARKS] (a) State the purpose of swap file in memory management [2 Marks] (b) Explain four advantages of NTFS systems over the FAT file system [4 Marks] (c) With the aid of well labeled diagram, illustrate and explain the components of a Process Control Block (PCB) as used in operating systems [6 Marks] (d) List and explain three categories of operating systems [6 Marks] (e) Outline two attributes of a computer file [2 Marks]

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DBIT402 COST ACCOUNTING DATE: AUGUST 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTION: Answer Question ONE and any other TWO questions, QUESTION ONE: (20 MARKS) a. Elaborate the concept of CVP using the graph (3 Marks) b. EOQ model has assumptions that enable it to function properly. Enumerate and explain FIVE of these assumptions. (5 Marks) c. Keshi Enterprises has provided the following data in respect of its major raw materials. Maximum consumption 2,600 units Normal consumption 2,000 units Minimum consumption 1,400 units Re-Order Period 10-16 weeks Re-order quantity 15,000 units Required: i. Re-order level (3 Marks) ii. Maximum stock level (3 Marks) iii. Minimum stock level (3 Marks) iv. Average stock level (3 Marks) QUESTION TWO: (20 MARKS) a) Discuss FIVE importance of cost accounting to a small enterprise. (10 Marks) b) Distiguish between Fixed and Variable costs giving an example for each (4 Marks) c) XY ltd has provided the following information with respect to their products Estimated fixed costs kshs 1,000,000 Variable costs kshs 500 per unit Selling price kshs 900 per unit Required: Calculate the number of units to be sold so as to break even I) In Ksh. (2 Marks) Ii) In Units (2 Marks) How much profit would the company yield if 2000 Units were sold (2 Marks) QUESTION THREE: (20 MARKS) A modern company (X ltd) has 4departments A, B, C and D. The actual cost for a given period was extracted from their books as follows: Required: Apportion the above costs to the various departments on the basis of the most equitable basis. (20 Marks) QUESTION FOUR: (20 MARKS) a) Differentiate between marginal and absorption costing. (6 Marks) The following information has been extracted from the books of XYZ Ltd for the year to 31ST Dec 2015: Required: a) Profit and loss statement under absorption costing approach. (7 Marks) b) Profit and loss statement under marginal costing approach (7 Marks) QUESTION FIVE: (20 MARKS) a) Clearly, state and explain the key assumptions of CVP analysis (6 Marks) b) The following transactions relate to item X15 which is regularly acquired and stocked by general Products Kenya Limited for the month of October 2018. The following was entered in the Company stock ledger The closing balance for September 2018 was 3,000 units received at a unit cost of Ksh 20. Required; Prepare stores ledger for October using:- i) fifo (7 Marks) ii) Lifo (7 Marks)

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DBIT 401: COMPUTER NETWORKS AND MANAGEMENT DATE: AUGUST 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One & ANY OTHER TWO questions. QUESTION ONE a) Explain the five functions of a data communication system [5Marks] b) Explain the functions of the following network components i) Network adaptor [2Marks] ii) Gateway [2Marks] iii) Router [2Marks] c) Explain four reasons why an organization may decide not to install a computer network [4Marks] d) State any four tools that are required to terminate a twisted pair cable [4Marks] e) State four ways that a university student can benefit from the internet [4Marks] f) Outline three advantages of client-server network architecture [3Marks] g) Give four differences between a small and a large network [4Marks] QUESTION TWO a) IP addresses can be assigned either statically or dynamically. Explain the difference between the two stating where each is appropriate [4Marks] b) Describe the following data transmission modes i) Simplex ii) Duplex iii) Parallel mode iv) Half duplex mode [10Marks] c) State three merits and three demerits of the OSI reference model [6Marks] QUESTION THREE a) Outline the four principles that were used to arrive at the seven layers of the OSI model [4Marks] b) Explain two causes of signal impairment in data communication [4Marks] c) Describe three applications of computer networks in an organization [6Marks] d) Explain the three categories or units of internetworking [6Marks] QUESTION FOUR a) Describe any four types of servers found in a computer network. [8Marks] b) Describe four measures that employers could put in place to deal with internet related threats at the workplace [8Marks] c) Briefly describe any four protocols that are relevant at the application layer of the TCP/IP reference model [4Marks] QUESTION FIVE a) With the aid of a diagram, show the comparison between OSI reference model and TCP/IP reference model [8Marks] b) State four factors that may cause congestion in computer networks [4Marks] c) Network standards are essential in creating and maintaining an open and competitive market for equipment manufacturers and in guaranteeing national and international interoperability of data and telecommunications technology and processes. Explain four reasons why organizations should adhere to network standards [8Marks]

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DBIT306 OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN DATE: AUGUST 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One & ANY OTHER TWO questions. QUESTION ONE a) Define the term object and describe the characteristics that an object should exhibit. [4 Marks] b) Define the following object oriented design paradigms: i. Inheritance. [2 Marks] ii. Polymorphism. [2 Marks] iii. Abstraction. [2 Marks] iv. Encapsulation. [2 Marks] c) Edible Arts restaurant has one chef and one waiter. The chef is responsible for order of all food ingredients, preparation of food and doing the washing up. The waiter is responsible for taking the customer order, preparing the bill and taking the payment made by the customer. The customer browses the menu, orders the food, consumes the food, orders the bill and pays the bill. Required: Draw a use case diagram for the restaurant showing the role of the chef, waiter and customer. [5 Marks] d) Differentiate coupling and cohesion and explain which of the two is desired in object orientation. [5 Marks] e) Define the term testing and describe the TWO basic types of testing. [5 Marks] f) Describe THREE roles of use case diagrams in system development. [3 Marks] QUESTION TWO a) Describe the steps of waterfall model. [5 Marks] b) Explain the advantages of prototyping as a system implementation Methodology. [5 Marks] c) Explain the different relationships used in UML class diagrams. [6 Marks] d) List FOUR types of inheritance used in OOAD. [4 Marks] QUESTION THREE a) Identify and show the relationships between classes in the following scenario: [5 Marks] An airline company has employees. A team builds an airplane which has a number of components. An airplane lands and takes off from an airstrip in an airport. The plane carries passengers from a source to destination. An airplane is managed by a captain and co-pilot along with his crew consisting of airhostesses and attendants. b) Explain the features targeted by the following implementation models. Use examples. [8 Marks] i. Component diagram ii. Deployment diagram c) What is an attribute? Give example. [2 Marks] d) Explain FIVE advantages of modeling. [5 Marks] QUESTION FOUR a) With aid of diagrams explain FOUR symbols and notations used in an activity diagram. [8 Marks] b) Distinguish between the following: [4 Marks] i) Class and Object ii) Super class and sub-class c) Outline four strengths of OOP. [4 Marks] a) Discuss FOUR disadvantages of OOP. [4 Marks] QUESTION FIVE a) With the use of relevant symbols explain the THREE types of visibility specifiers used in depicting object access in classes. [6 Marks] b) Explain THREE symbols used in sequence diagrams. Use of diagrams is highly recommended. [6 Marks] c) Define robustness analysis and give FOUR advantages of robustness analysis. [5 Marks] d) Explain TREE types of cardinalities. [3 Marks]

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS: 2018/2019 EXAMINATION FOR THE DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DBIT305 DATA STRUCTURES & ALGORITHMS DATE: AUGUST, 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer Question One and ANY other two questions. QUESTION ONE [20 MARKS] (a) List and explain two parameters used to estimate the complexity of an algorithm [4 Marks] (b) Describe three advantages and two disadvantages of pseudo code as an algorithm development tool [5 Marks] (c) Compare and contrast arrays and structures. [4 Marks] (d) With aid of suitable illustrations, explain the following terms with regard to tree data structure:- (i) Root [2 Marks] (ii) Height [2 Marks] (iii)Path [2 Marks] (iv)Leaf [2 Marks] (e) Describe three applications of queues in computers [3 Marks] (f) A linked list consists of a collection of nodes where each node in the list has two key components. Required: Explain these two key components [4 Marks] (g) Explain the term “data structure” [2 Marks] Page 2 of 4 QUESTION TWO [20 MARKS] (a) Convert the following infix expressions into postfix using stack Abstract Data Type (ADT): (i) B*((A+D)/C-F) [4 Marks] (ii) D*(A+B/C) [4 Marks] (b) Write C or C++ code to implement a union data structure named students that has the following members:- (i) studentIDNumber (ii) Firstname -an array of 7 characters (iii)Weight (iv)Feebalance Note: create an object named James from the students data structure [7 Marks] (c) Outline the steps of designing an algorithm [5 Marks] QUESTION THREE [20 MARKS] (a) Outline four guidelines of designing flowcharts [4 Marks] (b) Explain five features of good algorithm [5 Marks] (c) Figure 1 below shows a typical data structure. Use it to answer the questions that follow: Figure 1 Required: (i) State two limitations and two advantages of this data structure [4 Marks] (ii) Outline three data operations supported by the above data structure [3 Marks] (iii)Write a C++/ C program statement to: (i) Declare the data structure above [2 Marks] (ii) Initialize the data structure [2 Marks] QUESTION FOUR [20 MARKS] (a) The KCA University Electoral voting system involves voting by students pressing a number representing the candidate of their choice. The numbers used range from 1 to 5. The recent polls had five candidates whose identification numbers and philosophical messages were as follows: Required: (i) Design an algorithm using flowchart for a C/C++ program that prompts the voter to enter a number representing his/ her preferred candidate. The program then outputs philosophical message depending on the choice made. [9 Marks] (ii) Outline two advantages of flowcharts [2 Marks] (b) Outline five examples of algorithm designing tools. [5 Marks] (c) Explain the following terms:- (i) Dynamic data structures [2 Marks] (ii) Linear data structures [2 Marks] QUESTION FIVE [20 MARKS] (a) Discuss two techniques of testing an algorithm [4 Marks] (b) Write a C or C++ program segment that adds the following elements into a stack named Marks and reads and returns the total number of elements stored in the stack:- 60, 49,60,39,70 [7 Marks] (c) State and justify the most appropriate data structure to use in the following applications: (i) Deleting characters from a word document using backspace key [2 Marks] (ii) Serving customers in a restaurant [2 Marks] (iii)Storing and retrieving books information at KCA University library [2 Marks] Page 4 of 4 (d) Explain the purpose of the following operations as used in queues data structure:- [3 Marks] (i) Dequeue (ii) Enqueue() (iii)Top()

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS EXAMINATION FOR THE DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DBIT304 GENERAL ECONOMICS DATE: AUGUST 2019 TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: Answer QUESTION ONE and ANY OTHER TWO. QUESTION ONE (a) Define the term ‘economic system’ and enumerate five advantages of a free market system (6 Marks) (b) (i) Explain what is meant by market equilibrium for a commodity (2 Marks) (ii) Commodity X has the following equations Required: Determine the equilibrium quantity and price for this commodity X (4 Marks) (ii) Discuss four factors affecting demand for a commodity in the market (4 Marks) (iii) Distinguish between short run period and long run period of production (4 Marks) (iv) Explain how import duties affects the demand for a commodity in the market. (2 Marks) (v) Explain four forms of restrictions used in international trade (4 Marks) (vi) Highlight four problems facing agricultural sector in Kenya today (4 Marks) QUESTION TWO (a) Distinguish between economic growth and economic development (2 Marks) (b) According to vision 2030 strategy, Kenya is looking forward to be a developed nation by year 2030. Evaluate eight obstacles that may hinder Kenya from realising her vision. Suggest eight possible measures that can be implemented to help Kenya realise this vision. (8 Marks) (c) Highlight three importance of macroeconomics (3 Marks) (d) Explain five benefits of international trade to an economy (5 Marks) (e) Distinguish between direct production and indirect production (2 Marks) QUESTION THREE (a) Discuss four factors affecting supply of a commodity in the market (4 Marks) (b) State and explain two exceptional cases to the law of demand (2 Marks) (c) Differentiate between positive and normative approach as methodologies used in economic analysis (4 Marks) (d) Discuss how unemployment affects the growth and development of a country. (5 Marks) (e) Explain five measures that can be adopted to fight inflation in an economy. (5 Marks) QUESTION FOUR (a) Discuss four advantages of price controls in an economy (4 Marks) (b) Explain five reasons for rural-urban migration in an economy (5 Marks) (c) Examine five policy measures that can be adopted to minimise the problem of rising external debts in most developing countries (5 Marks) (d) The following table shows the units of output and costs by a firm operating in the short run period. Fill in the missing figures. (Figures are in shillings) QUESTION FIVE (a) Examine four reasons why most developing countries experiences a deficit balance of payment (4 Marks) (b) Explain four features of good money in an economy (4 Marks) (c) Discuss four functions of money in an economy (4 Marks) (d) Distinguish between demand pull inflation and cost push inflation (4 Marks) (e) Explain four measures that can be implemented to unemployment in an economy